Psychological testing can serve as a prototype on which to base a data-generated approach to instructional design. In "testing batteries" tests are used to predict achievement. In the proposed approach batteries of prescriptions would be used to produce achievement. In creating "test batteries" tests are selected for their…

In response to the wide-scale proliferation of "the cone of learning"--a fanciful retention chart confounded with Dale's Cone of Experience--the authors make four major claims debunking this fantasy and provide documentary evidence to support these claims. The first claim is that the data in the mythical retention chart do not make…

Critics have been attempting to debunk the mythical retention chart at least since 1971. The earliest critics, David Curl and Frank Dwyer, were addressing just the retention data. Beginning around 2002, a new generation of critics has taken on the illegitimate combination of the retention chart and Edgar Dale's Cone of Experience--the corrupted…

The authors are attempting to set the record straight regarding the sources frequently cited in the literature of the mythical retention chart and the corrupted Dale's Cone. They point out citations that do not actually connect with relevant works; provide correct citations of sources that are often cited erroneously; add references for overlooked…

With advanced technologies available, multimedia-based e-portfolios are replacing paper-based portfolios. For teaching and learning purposes, e-portfolios have been used at a growing number of education institutions. This article reviews four important issues regarding e-portfolio use in the field of education: benefits, adoption concerns,…

Learning has changed dramatically, but learning measurement has not. Since we can only effectively manage what we can measure, how we measure learning must change. This article posits that fifty years after Kirkpatrick's work, it is time for new thinking about the measurement of learning to emerge. This article challenges learning and human…