In the digital era, traditional communication has undergone a drastic transformation into computer-mediated communication (CMC), which can be classified into synchronous CMC (SCMC) and asynchronous CMC (ASCMC). This study compared the effects of extracurricular CMC among students about schoolwork on students' digital reading achievement between…

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of the flipped learning model on students' academic achievement and its relationship with the permanence and effectiveness of the subjects learned. The research is in the sequential explanatory mixed method model. For the experimental study of the research, two classes with close socio-economic and…

Massive open online courses (MOOCs) provide learners with high-quality learning resources, but learners drop out frequently. Learners' concerns (e.g. the topics in course content or logistics) and cognitive engagement patterns (e.g. "tentative" or "certain") are considered the essential factors affecting learners' course…

Online learning democratizes and provides flexibility in accessing education, but it also places greater demands on students' self-regulated learning strategies. Previous studies have explored the important impact of effort regulation on academic performance. However, there remains more to explore on the dynamics of effort regulation among…

Higher vocational education has been on a trajectory of rapid development. However, the challenge of fostering effective learning in students persists. In response to this, a study was undertaken to explore the impact of an optimized model of SPOC-based blended learning (SPOC-BL) on student presence, learning satisfaction, learning motivation, and…

The adaptive learning environment provides learning support that suits individual characteristics of students, and the student model of the adaptive learning environment is the key element to promote individualized learning. This paper provides a systematic overview of the existing student models, consequently showing that the Elo rating system…

To better understand the self-regulated learning process in online learning environments, this research applied a data mining method, the two-layer hidden Markov model (TL-HMM), to explore the patterns of learning activities. We analyzed 25,818 entries of behavior log data from an intelligent tutoring system. Results indicated that students with…

Collaborative problem-solving (CPS) has been widely used in K-12, higher education, and informal learning to enhance the quality of student learning. Understanding the relationship between learning engagement and group performance is crucial for CPS pedagogy and analytics. However, few empirical studies investigated individual engagement role…

The benefits of mobile learning for science education have been widely described; however, there is scarce evidence of its effect on student learning. This article presents a meta-analysis of 44 empirical studies to assess the effect of mobile learning on students' learning at K-12 levels. Moreover, the study considered the moderating effect of…

Mobile technologies are widely used in education, both as standalone tools and in conjunction with other applications. The WeChat-based app Rain Classroom is one such application. Rain Classroom includes learning activities not only during class but also before and after class. Previous research has suggested strong demand for WeChat-based apps…

It was aimed to review the effect of the use of augmented reality applications on the academic achievement of students in science education in this study. In line with this aim, the experimental researches reviewing the effect of use of augmented reality applications within the scope of science course on student achievement were evaluated with…

The impact of Augmented Reality (AR)-based science learning on cognitive development has been established, but the effect of AR on the improvement of students' academic performance remains inconclusive. Additionally, while epistemic beliefs as a significant determinant on student learning outcomes is well-documented, there is little research in…

Drawing on student approaches to learning research, this study combined both self-reported and process data to examine: (1) the extent of the alignment between the self-reported and process data of the profiles of 179 Chinese university students' learning experience in the flipped classrooms and (2) the contributions of the self-reported and…

Online teaching has long brought benefits and practical advantages for many levels. Along with the advantages of the flipped classroom (FC), the combination of online teaching in the FC has increased efficiency and improved student-learning outcomes. However, there are still too few research works to improve the effectiveness of IT teaching under…

In this paper, we adopted an information-processing perspective to examine the relationship between cognitive engagement and students' performance in a simulation-based training environment. In particular, we examined what forms of cognitive engagement students used while diagnosing virtual patients and whether engagement forms predicted students'…