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Carley, Sanya – Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 2012
Over the past decade and a half, state governments have assumed greater responsibility over demand-side management (DSM) operations. Whereas DSM programs formerly were initiated primarily by utilities or state public utility commissions, they are now becoming increasingly state-initiated and incentivized through funding mechanisms or…
Descriptors: Program Effectiveness, Research Design, Educational Research, Energy Conservation
Bavier, Richard – Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 2009
The first thing many learn about international poverty measurement is that European nations apply a "relative" poverty threshold and that they also do a better job of reducing poverty. Unlike the European model, the "absolute" U.S. poverty threshold does not increase in real value when the nation's standard of living rises,…
Descriptors: Poverty, Living Standards, Foreign Countries, Poverty Programs