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Phase Transitions in Development of Writing Fluency from a Complex Dynamic Systems Perspective
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Baba, Kyoko; Nitta, Ryo – Language Learning, 2014
This study explored patterns in L2 writing development by focusing on one of the linguistic features of texts (fluency) from a complex dynamic systems perspective. It investigated whether two English-as-a-foreign-language university students would experience discontinuous change (phase transition) in their writing fluency through repetition of a…
Descriptors: Writing (Composition), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Text Structure
Does Foreign Language Writing Benefit from Increased Lexical Fluency? Evidence from a Classroom Experiment
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van Gelderen, Amos; Oostdam, Ron; van Schooten, Erik – Language Learning, 2011
We report a classroom experiment directed at increasing lexical fluency in writing. Participants were 107 Dutch students in bilingual (EFL) education (Grades 10 and 11). According to current theories of writing such fluency allows writers to devote more attention to higher order aspects of text production, such as idea generation, selection and…
Descriptors: Writing (Composition), Control Groups, Second Language Learning, English (Second Language)
On the Temporal Nature of Planning in L1 and L2 Composing
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Manchon, Rosa M.; de Larios, Julio Roca – Language Learning, 2007
In this article we report on a study in which verbal protocol data were used to explore English as a foreign language writers' planning behavior while engaged in academic writing tasks. The analysis was approached from a temporal perspective (i.e., time spent on planning operations) in relation to three independent variables: (a) the participants'…
Descriptors: Writing (Composition), Second Languages, Time Perspective, English (Second Language)