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Brem, Silvia; Hunkeler, Eliane; Mächler, Markus; Kronschnabel, Jens; Karipidis, Iliana Irini; Pleisch, Georgette; Brandeis, Daniel – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2018
Neural tuning to print develops when children learn to read and is reflected by a more pronounced left occipito-temporal negativity to orthographic stimuli as compared to non-orthographic false fonts or symbols after around 150-250 ms in their N1, a visual event-related potential (ERP). In adults, initial expertise for a novel script can emerge in…
Descriptors: Adults, Expertise, Novelty (Stimulus Dimension), Visual Perception
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Carpenter, Alexis C.; Schacter, Daniel L. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
Episodic memory involves flexible retrieval processes that allow us to link together distinct episodes, make novel inferences across overlapping events, and recombine elements of past experiences when imagining future events. However, the same flexible retrieval and recombination processes that underpin these adaptive functions may also leave…
Descriptors: Memory, Recall (Psychology), Inferences, Accuracy
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Marcos, Jose L. – Learning and Motivation, 2007
Great controversy exists on whether associative learning occurs without awareness. In Experiment 1, 31 participants received discrimination training by repeated presentations of two stimulus sequences (S1[subscript A] right arrow S2[subscript A], and S1[subscript B] right arrow S2[subscript B]), S1 being a masked stimulus. S2 were imperative…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Reaction Time, Associative Learning, Visual Discrimination