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Trucco, Elisa M.; Hartmann, Sarah A. – Child Development Perspectives, 2021
Using alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana during adolescence is associated with risks, yet there is no single cause for adolescent substance use. The etiology of substance use develops over time, across multiple levels of influence. Informed by developmental perspectives, in this review, we provide an overview of biological (e.g., genetic,…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Substance Abuse, Etiology, Development
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McKean, Cristina; Wraith, Darren; Eadie, Patricia; Cook, Fallon; Mensah, Fiona; Reilly, Sheena – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2017
Background: Little is known about the nature, range and prevalence of different subgroups in language trajectories extant in a population from 4 to 11 years. This hinders strategic targeting and design of interventions, particularly targeting those whose difficulties will likely persist. Methods: Children's language abilities from 4 to 11 years…
Descriptors: Language Acquisition, Child Development, Language Aptitude, Longitudinal Studies
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Jimerson, Shane R.; Durbrow, Eric H.; Adam, Emma; Gunnar, Megan; Bozoky, Ingrid K. – Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 2006
This study examined associations among academic achievement problems, attention problems, and cortisol levels in 86 children (ages 5 to 12) in St. Vincent, the West Indies. Findings revealed that morning cortisol levels were more elevated at school than at home. Attention problems contributed negatively to academic scores. Children with the most…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Foreign Countries, Attention, Behavior Problems
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Booth, Alan; Granger, Douglas A.; Mazur, Allan; Kivlighan, Katie T. – Social Forces, 2006
Popular perceptions of the effect of testosterone on "manly" behavior are inaccurate. We need to move away from such simplistic notions by treating testosterone as one component along with other physiological, psychological and sociological variables in interactive and reciprocal models of behavior. Several hormones can now be measured in saliva,…
Descriptors: Biological Influences, Social Behavior, Social Environment, Social Status
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Hall, Scott; DeBernardis, Marie; Reiss, Allan – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2006
Social escape behavior is a common behavioral feature of individuals with fragile X syndrome (fraX). In this observational study, we examined the effect of antecedent social and performance demands on problem behaviors in four conditions: face-to-face interview, silent reading, oral reading and a singing task. Results showed that problem behaviors…
Descriptors: Nonverbal Communication, Child Behavior, Behavior Problems, Interviews