Cognitive Diagnosis Models (CDMs) are a special family of discrete latent variable models that are widely used in educational and psychological measurement. A key component of CDMs is the Q-matrix characterizing the dependence structure between the items and the latent attributes. Additionally, researchers also assume in many applications certain…

Purpose: Dyslexia is characterized by its diverse causes and heterogeneous manifestations. Chinese children with dyslexia exhibit orthographic, phonological, and semantic deficits across character and radical levels when writing. However, whether character dictation can be used to distinguish children with dyslexia from their typically developing…

Diagnostic uncertainty is prevalent throughout medicine and significantly impacts patient care, especially when it goes unrecognized. However, we lack a reliable clinical means of identifying uncertainty. This study evaluates the narrative discourse within clinical notes in the Electronic Health Record as a means of identifying diagnostic…

At the examination of a patient, a doctor evaluates clinical picture of the disease that manifests itself by a great number of various general and local symptoms caused by an etiological factor and pathogenesis changes of the different organs and systems of the organism. A purpose of the surgical patient examination is making of early, correct and…