Referring to the official measurement scale, global evidences confirm that 'education quality' has continuously been improving. On the other hand, studies examining the role of education discover that education continuously fails to play the desired role. Therefore, claims are made that 'education quality' is denting. Keeping this view in mind,…

Existing studies from the United States, Latin America and Asia provide scant evidence that private schools dramatically improve academic performance relative to public schools. Using data from Kenya--a poor country with weak public institutions--we find a large effect of private schooling on test scores, equivalent to one full standard deviation.…

This study uses rich empirical data from Brazil to assess how a government program (PDE) that decentralizes school management decisions changes what goes on in schools and how these changes affect student outcomes. It appears that the PDE resulted in some improvements in management and learning materials, but little change in other areas including…