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Visual Impairments in Young Children: Fundamentals of and Strategies for Enhancing Development
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Thompson, Stacy D.; Merino, Sarah – Young Exceptional Children, 2018
Visual Impairments (VIs) are ranked as the fourth most common disability in the United States and are viewed as the most common restricting condition during childhood. It has been reported that 17% to 25% of school-aged children have some degree of a vision problem, thus interrupting their potential to reach optimal growth and learning in school.…
Descriptors: Visual Impairments, Early Intervention, Visual Acuity, Vision
Refractive Error and Ocular Findings among Infants and Young Children with Severe Problem Behavior and Developmental Disabilities
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Sauer, Theodor; Lawrence, Linda; Mayo-Ortega, Liliana; Oyama-Ganiko, Rosa; Schroeder, Stephen – Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 2018
The prevalence of refractive error and ocular disorders among infants and young children with severe behavioral problems and developmental disorders is not well defined, particularly in developing countries. We performed a retrospective review of ophthalmic examinations performed during a National Institutes of Health--funded cohort study of very…
Descriptors: Infants, Young Children, Behavior Disorders, Developmental Disabilities
Face Preference in Infancy and Its Relation to Motor Activity
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Libertus, Klaus; Needham, Amy – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2014
Infants' preference for faces was investigated in a cross-sectional sample of 75 children, aged 3 to 11 months, and 23 adults. A visual preference paradigm was used where pairs of faces and toys were presented side-by-side while eye gaze was recorded. In addition, motor activity was assessed via parent report and the relation between motor…
Descriptors: Infants, Preferences, Human Body, Eye Movements
Differential Contributions of Development and Learning to Infants' Knowledge of Object Continuity and Discontinuity
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Bertenthal, Bennett I.; Gredeback, Gustaf; Boyer, Ty W. – Child Development, 2013
Sixty infants divided evenly between 5 and 7 months of age were tested for their knowledge of object continuity versus discontinuity with a predictive tracking task. The stimulus event consisted of a moving ball that was briefly occluded for 20 trials. Both age groups predictively tracked the ball when it disappeared and reappeared via occlusion,…
Descriptors: Infants, Cognitive Development, Eye Movements, Prediction
Developmental Change in the Acuity of Approximate Number and Area Representations
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Odic, Darko; Libertus, Melissa E.; Feigenson, Lisa; Halberda, Justin – Developmental Psychology, 2013
From very early in life, humans can approximate the number and surface area of objects in a scene. The ability to discriminate between 2 approximate quantities, whether number or area, critically depends on the ratio between the quantities, with the most difficult ratio that a participant can reliably discriminate known as the Weber fraction.…
Descriptors: Young Children, Age, Adults, Age Groups
Predicting Sights from Sounds: 6-Month-Olds' Intermodal Numerical Abilities
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Feigenson, Lisa – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2011
Although the psychophysics of infants' nonsymbolic number representations have been well studied, less is known about other characteristics of the approximate number system (ANS) in young children. Here three experiments explored the extent to which the ANS yields abstract representations by testing infants' ability to transfer approximate number…
Descriptors: Number Systems, Infants, Young Children, Experiments
Visual Data Mining: An Exploratory Approach to Analyzing Temporal Patterns of Eye Movements
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Yu, Chen; Yurovsky, Daniel; Xu, Tian – Infancy, 2012
Infant eye movements are an important behavioral resource to understand early human development and learning. But the complexity and amount of gaze data recorded from state-of-the-art eye-tracking systems also pose a challenge: how does one make sense of such dense data? Toward this goal, this article describes an interactive approach based on…
Descriptors: Infants, Eye Movements, Visual Aids, Data Analysis
Phenotypical Characteristics of Idiopathic Infantile Nystagmus with and without Mutations in "FRMD7"
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Thomas, Shery; Proudlock, Frank A.; Sarvananthan, Nagini; Roberts, Eryl O.; Awan, Musarat; McLean, Rebecca; Surendran, Mylvaganam; Kumar, A. S. Anil; Farooq, Shegufta J.; Degg, Chris; Gale, Richard P.; Reinecke, Robert D.; Woodruff, Geoffrey; Langmann, Andrea; Lindner, Susanne; Jain, Sunila; Tarpey, Patrick; Raymond, F. Lucy; Gottlob, Irene – Brain, 2008
Idiopathic infantile nystagmus (IIN) consists of involuntary oscillations of the eyes. The familial form is most commonly X-linked. We recently found mutations in a novel gene "FRMD7" (Xq26.2), which provided an opportunity to investigate a genetically defined and homogeneous group of patients with nystagmus. We compared clinical features and eye…
Descriptors: Visual Impairments, Eye Movements, Visual Acuity, Depth Perception