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Direct linkShaywitz, Bennett A.; Shaywitz, Sally E. – Oxford Review of Education, 2020
We review the evolution of the conceptualisation of dyslexia and along with it the current, 21st century definition of dyslexia. Our starting point is the seminal report by Pringle Morgan in 1896, followed by early 20th century reports by Hinshelwood, and continuing with concepts of brain injury and minimal brain dysfunctions then to the emergence…
Descriptors: Definitions, Dyslexia, Laws, Policy Formation
Monaghan, Padraic; Shillcock, Richard – Brain and Language, 2007
Is it necessary to posit separate, explicit distinctions between representations in order to account for dissociations between consonant and vowel processing? We argue that a cognitive model of speech production based on cumulative lower-level properties is not only sufficient but more parsimonious in accounting for aphasic and dysgraphic patient…
Descriptors: Phonemes, Vowels, Aphasia, Learning Disabilities
Download full textStarrett, Barbara E.; de Boer, Sonja R.; Tollefson, Julie M. – National Research Center on Learning Disabilities, 2007
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1997 (IDEA 1997) and Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004 (IDEA 2004) define specific learning disabilities in a similar manner. "The term "specific learning disability" means a disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in…
Descriptors: Learning Problems, Learning Disabilities, Brain, Emotional Disturbances
Sawyer, Diane J. – Topics in Language Disorders, 2006
This article provides a brief overview of the various areas of research that have served to clarify the condition of dyslexia. Using topics and content appearing in A. L. Benton and D. Pearl's (1978) text, Dyslexia: An Appraisal of Current Knowledge, as the point of departure, evolution of the definitions of dyslexia is traced to the current and…
Descriptors: Reading Ability, Learning Disabilities, Genetics, Dyslexia
