3D visualization tools have been developed to assist in the anatomical learning of medical students, but the evidence on the effectiveness of these tools is inconsistent. Conventional 3D materials are often displayed on 2D screens, which can limit their educational impact. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the presentation of 3D learning…

To date, neuroanatomy education courses are still based on two-dimensional (2D) illustrations combined with cadaver dissections. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of neuroanatomy, we offered mixed reality experience using a head-mounted device (HMD) for medical students during their neuroanatomy course. This pilot study´s purpose was to…

Background: This study aims to explore the diverse applications of contemporary technological innovations in education and to propose effective strategies for their integration into the curriculum, addressing the complexities and collaborative efforts required for meaningful learning experiences. Methods: This systematic review examines the…

This article explores the integration of virtual reality (VR) in medical education, highlighting its transformative potential and benefits over traditional teaching methods. While VR enhances skills acquisition and patients interaction competencies, challenges such as high upfront costs, misconceptions, and unequal access remain. The incorporation…

The 3D stereoscopic technique consists in providing the illusional perception of depth of a given object using two different images mimicking how the right and left eyes capture the object. Both images are slightly different and when overlapped gives a three-dimensional (3D) experience. Considering the limitations for establishing surgical…

Virtual reality (VR) is an increasingly available resource with numerous applications to medical education, and as a teaching tool has been widely validated in the literature. Photogrammetry, the process of overlapping two-dimensional (2D) photographic images of three-dimensional (3D) objects to create a 3D image or "model," can be used…

Recent usage of virtual reality (VR) technology in surgical training has emerged because of its cost-effectiveness, time savings, and cognition-based feedback generation. However, the quantitative evaluation of its effectiveness in training is still not thoroughly studied. This article demonstrates the effectiveness of a VR-based surgical training…

Authenticity in simulation-based learning is linked to cognitive processes implicated in learning. However, evidence on authenticity across formats is insufficient. We compared three case-based settings and investigated the effect of discontinuity in simulation on perceived authenticity. In a quasi-experiment, we compared formats of simulation in…

Anatomy is the cornerstone of medical education. Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies are becoming increasingly popular in the development of anatomy education. Various studies have evaluated VR and AR in anatomy education. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of VR and AR in anatomical education. The…

Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) students are typically taught content delivered didactically and closely aligned with the laboratory demonstration of concepts, which facilitates the development of experimental skills. Because of the volume of content delivered across multiple courses, student cognitive abilities can be…

The concept of the Metaverse, viewed as the ultimate manifestation of the Internet, has gained significant attention due to rapid advances in technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain. Acting as a bridge between the physical and virtual worlds, the Metaverse has the potential to offer remarkable experiences to its users.…

Purpose: 360° immersive videos may be useful in procedure-based healthcare settings. We hypothesized that extended reality (XR) neonatal intubation education is a feasible alternative to live demonstration in skill and knowledge transfer. Methods: This was a prospective single center evaluation of an educational XR intubation video using Premature…

Anatomy forms the foundation for the training and execution of routine surgical procedures. However, a gap persists in effectively bridging anatomical knowledge with the confident performance of procedures. Virtual simulation (VS) techniques, based on experiential and situated learning theory, hold promise in addressing this challenge.…

Training through simulation in neonatology relies on sophisticated simulation devices that give realistic feedback to trainees during simulated scenarios. It aims at training highly specialised medical teams in established operational skills, timely clinical manoeuvres, and successful synergy with other professionals. For effective teaching, it is…

The metaverse is known as the hypothetical iteration of the Internet as a single, connected, universal and immersive virtual world that can be accessed via immersive technology devices. One approach to this concept can be achieved through the use of multi-user immersive virtual reality applications. Immersive virtual reality (IVR), which uses…