We developed a 54-item inventory to measure counselors' multicultural and social justice counseling competence. We posited a confirmatory factor analysis model using the structure of the Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies and found the fit indices to be within acceptable ranges, indicating overall good model fit.

Empathy, being multidimensional in nature, addresses cognitive, social-emotional, and behavioural components of interpersonal interaction. It is considered a core element of global competence. As schools become more diverse, empathy, which expresses the ability to observe social situations from other people's points of view plays a critical…

Background/Purpose: The study aimed to develop a rubric to measure students' critical-thinking skills within a multicultural education scope. Materials/Methods: The study's participants were faculty members, teachers, and students, determined according to convenience sampling based on predetermined criterion. Initially, a story-based test and…

Educational researchers have offered a number of different measures to explore the use of equity pedagogies. Such measures traditionally use teacher self-report as the primary metric and few investigate from the student perspective. This exploratory psychometric article details the use of a new instrument, the Asset-Based Equity Pedagogy Scale…

Resistant behaviors in multicultural courses are a common dilemma within counselor education. On the basis of psychological reactance theory (J. W. Brehm, 1966), the authors created a multicultural training reactance scale to measure the construct. Exploratory factor analysis and initial reliability and validity data are presented, followed by…

In this survey study, it is aimed to develop a valid and reliable scale that can measure multicultural teacher competencies of primary teachers and to examine their multicultural teacher competencies. Three different participant groups were determined by convenience sampling technique. With 336 primary teachers exploratory factor analysis (EFA),…

Although there is a great deal of writing about the various aspects of multiculturalism in higher education, especially about how to start implementing it on the campus, there is still a need to develop significant and credible assessment tools to examine the extent in which the goals of multiculturalism are being achieved. The questionnaire used…

Despite the critical role of emotions in multicultural teacher education, no attempt has been made to develop an instrument including affect as a dimension in measuring cultural competence for preservice teachers. To bridge this gap, the present three-study research used three distinct samples of 456 preservice teachers to develop and estimate the…

Purpose: This study reports on the development, validation and measurement invariance of the Multicultural Competency Scale (MCS) for pre-service teachers. Research Methods: Data from 640 pre-service teachers were collected for two studies. After data screening procedures 628 responses were left. The data were divided into two sets for exploratory…

This study used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to validate the 21-item Spiritual Competency Scale (SCS-R-II) with data from 176 participants. Moreover, this study examined correlations between the SCS-R-II and the Multicultural Counseling Knowledge and Awareness Scale, and the descriptive characteristics of participants' scores on the SCS-R-II.

The study features two basic steps. The first step of the research aims to develop a scale to measure the attitude of preschool teachers towards the Persona Dolls Approach and to verify its validity/reliability through a general survey. The cohort employed in the research was drawn from a pool of preschool teachers working in and around the cities…

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop and validate the dispositions for culturally responsive pedagogy scale (DCRPS). Design/methodology/approach: Scale development consisted of a six-step process including item development, expert review, exploratory factor analysis, factor interpretation, confirmatory factor analysis and convergent…

While there is a growing body of research on study abroad programs, as Li, Olson, and Frieze (2013) observed, "Research on study abroad has primarily focused on the effects or outcomes of study abroad participation on the students involved in these programs…Very limited attention has been devoted to studying factors affecting students'…

Developing multiculturally competent citizens is at the forefront of the espoused mission of higher education. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a self-report instrument to measure traditional-age (18-to 24-year-old) college students' multicultural consciousness (e.g., awareness of self, knowledge of difference, and…

The aims of this study were to develop and validate a MCC training module for trainee counselor based on MCC matrix model by Sue et al. (1992). This module encompassed five sub modules and 11 activities developed along the concepts and components of the MCC matrix model developed by Sue, Arredondo dan McDavis (1992). The design method used in this…