Avatars play a significant role in Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered education, supported by various human-computer interactions and second language acquisition theories. AI avatars have become increasingly anthropomorphic and realistic with advancements in speech synthesis, speech-driven lip-syncing, and speech-to-facial animation. D-ID Studio…

Augmented Reality (AR) is believed a suitable teaching method for beginning-level Chinese as a Foreign Language (CFL) learners in learning Chinese characters, as the effects of AR on visualization may enhance recognition of pictographic characters and the integration of multimedia may facilitate comprehension of this logographic language. Yet the…

The application of the metaverse poses important challenges for the field of education. The aim of this article is to analyze the evolution of the development of the metaverse experiences in Higher Education and thus identify the key aspects of its application as a virtual environment for teaching and learning. To this end, a systematic literature…

Purpose: The use of three-dimensional virtual worlds (3DVWs) is increasingly becoming a common practice in language education to provide digital learning environments for second-language (L2) communicative classes. This study aimed to identify the key factors underlying communication in 3DVWs that can improve the communication skills of L2…

In recent years, an increasing number of teachers and researchers have used virtual reality (VR) to enhance English as a foreign language (EFL) learning, but the learning effects they found varied. Because of these differences, we conducted a meta-analysis. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of VR-based EFL learning methods with…

Virtual Reality (VR) is a technology with a potential impact on education. Due to cost and usability limitations, it has not been used extensively. However, recent research studies suggested VR as a learning environment with benefits on students' learning performance through experience. It especially has various benefits for language learners.…

The emergence of the Metaverse, supported by innovative technologies, especially extended reality, has opened up new possibilities for various fields of education. Some disciplines like STEM have already derived significant benefits from the immersive, interactive, and authentic learning opportunities afforded by the Metaverse. In contrast, only…

Virtual reality (VR) presents an innovative and powerful approach to foreign language teaching, offering immersive and interactive environments that support vocabulary acquisition in engaging and meaningful ways. This study investigates the potential of VR using the self-developed application GermanVR, specifically designed to enhance vocabulary…

This study examines the potential of virtual reality (VR) technology in language learning, specifically for the Maltese language. Despite the popularity and advancement of VR, its use in teaching minor languages like Maltese has not been extensively explored. The concern is that the lack of technological resources may lead to the extinction of the…

This paper presents an investigation into the integration of virtual reality (VR) tours in online English lessons tailored for adult learners. The study utilised a design-based research approach to evaluate the effectiveness of VR tours in this context. It specifically examined the responses of adult learners to this instructional strategy by…

Foreign language education in the United States has historically produced poor outcomes, with very few language learners achieving communicative competence. The increasing global demand for multilingual professionals makes the issue a salient one. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore the perspectives of U.S. middle school…

Background: AR allows users to experience a digital world that blends seamlessly with the physical world, creating an immersive and interactive experience. This is directly in line with the principles of Situated Learning Theory (SLT) that aim to put students in authentic situations in which they can be actively immersed in real-world activities.…

Integrating improved technologies such as augmented reality (AR) within flipped classes has gained popularity among scholars. This study was carried out to examine the effect of AR-based instruction on English as a foreign language (EFL) learners' speaking skills in online flipped and face-to-face classes. To this end, out of 65 students who had…

Virtual reality (VR) has fundamentally changed how students interact with their subjects and learn because it offers an immersive learning environment. This qualitative study aims at exploring Omani English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers' perceptions of using VR. It employed semi-structured interviews with 20 schoolteachers working in…

The purpose of this research is to get the opinions of academics about augmented reality technology, which is one of the psychological and pedagogical innovative technologies to teach English to university students. In this study, the qualitative research method, one of the research methods and techniques, was used. The study group of the research…