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Hansford, Nathaniel; Schechter, Rachel L. – International Journal of Modern Education Studies, 2023
Meta-analyses are systematic summaries of research that use quantitative methods to find the mean effect size (standardized mean difference) for interventions. Critics of meta-analysis point out that such analyses can conflate the results of low- and high-quality studies, make improper comparisons and result in statistical noise. All these…
Descriptors: Meta Analysis, Best Practices, Randomized Controlled Trials, Criticism

Kenneth A. Frank; Qinyun Lin; Spiro J. Maroulis – Grantee Submission, 2024
In the complex world of educational policy, causal inferences will be debated. As we review non-experimental designs in educational policy, we focus on how to clarify and focus the terms of debate. We begin by presenting the potential outcomes/counterfactual framework and then describe approximations to the counterfactual generated from the…
Descriptors: Causal Models, Statistical Inference, Observation, Educational Policy
Wilhelmina van Dijk; Cynthia U. Norris; Sara A. Hart – Grantee Submission, 2022
Randomized control trials are considered the pinnacle for causal inference. In many cases, however, randomization of participants in social work research studies is not feasible or ethical. This paper introduces the co-twin control design study as an alternative quasi-experimental design to provide evidence of causal mechanisms when randomization…
Descriptors: Twins, Research Design, Randomized Controlled Trials, Quasiexperimental Design
Wang, Mei; Sun, Guangwen; Chang, Yaping; Jin, Yanling; Leenus, Alvin; Maaz, Muhammad; Li, Guowei; Bhatt, Meha; Abbade, Luciana P. F.; Nwosu, Ikunna; Zielinski, Laura; Sanger, Nitika; Bantoto, Bianca; Luo, Candice; Shams, Ieta; Shahid, Hamnah; Adachi, Jonathan; Mbuagbaw, Lawrence; Levine, Mitchell; Samaan, Zainab; Thabane, Lehana – Research on Social Work Practice, 2018
Behavioral and social sciences randomized controlled trials (BSSTs) have a significant role in life sciences. Choosing an appropriate control or comparator group for BSSTs is critical, to provide true intervention effects. The objective of this study was to determine the types of control groups used in BSSTs, and the rationale provided to justify…
Descriptors: Randomized Controlled Trials, Databases, Behavioral Science Research, Social Science Research
Stuart, Elizabeth A.; Ackerman, Benjamin; Westreich, Daniel – Research on Social Work Practice, 2018
Randomized trials play an important role in estimating the effect of a policy or social work program in a given population. While most trial designs benefit from strong internal validity, they often lack external validity, or generalizability, to the target population of interest. In other words, one can obtain an unbiased estimate of the study…
Descriptors: Randomized Controlled Trials, Research Design, Validity, Generalizability Theory
Zuchao Shen – ProQuest LLC, 2019
Multilevel experiments have been widely used in education and social sciences to evaluate causal effects of interventions. Two key considerations in designing experimental studies are statistical power and the minimal use of resources. Optimal design framework simultaneously addresses both considerations. This dissertation extends previous optimal…
Descriptors: Educational Research, Social Science Research, Research Design, Robustness (Statistics)
Pearl, Judea – Sociological Methods & Research, 2017
We address the task of determining, from statistical averages alone, whether a population under study consists of several subpopulations, unknown to the investigator, each responding to a given treatment markedly differently. We show that such determination is feasible in three cases: (1) randomized trials with binary treatments, (2) models where…
Descriptors: Statistical Analysis, Models, Social Science Research, Randomized Controlled Trials
Lohr, Sharon L.; Zhu, Xiaoshu – Sociological Methods & Research, 2017
Many randomized experiments in the social sciences allocate subjects to treatment arms at the time the subjects enroll. Desirable features of the mechanism used to assign subjects to treatment arms are often (1) equal numbers of subjects in intervention and control arms, (2) balanced allocation for population subgroups and across covariates, (3)…
Descriptors: Social Science Research, Randomized Controlled Trials, Research Design, Computer Software
Chan, Wendy – AERA Online Paper Repository, 2017
Policymakers are increasingly interested in the extent to which experimental results generalize from a sample to a population of inference. When the sample is not randomly selected, propensity score methods are used to reweight the sample. Subclassification by propensity score is commonly used in which the population is partitioned into strata…
Descriptors: Generalization, Classification, Randomized Controlled Trials, Inferences
Page, Lindsay C.; Feller, Avi; Grindal, Todd; Miratrix, Luke; Somers, Marie-Andree – American Journal of Evaluation, 2015
Increasingly, researchers are interested in questions regarding treatment-effect variation across partially or fully latent subgroups defined not by pretreatment characteristics but by postrandomization actions. One promising approach to address such questions is principal stratification. Under this framework, a researcher defines endogenous…
Descriptors: Statistical Analysis, Program Effectiveness, Randomized Controlled Trials, Social Science Research
Stoesz, David – Research on Social Work Practice, 2016
In response to "The Child Welfare Cartel," defenders of the National Child Welfare Workforce Institute (NCWWI) make three errors: First, restricting federal funds to schools of social work is "not" authorized by the statute cited in the creation of NCWWI. Second, social work is "not" the only discipline engaged in…
Descriptors: Child Welfare, Randomized Controlled Trials, Social Work, Child Advocacy
Ruth Maisey; Svetlana Speight; Chris Bonell; Susan Purdon; Peter Keogh; Ivonne Wollny; Annik M. Sorhaindo; Kaye Wellings – Sage Research Methods Cases, 2014
In 2009, the government's Department for Education commissioned a team of researchers at NatCen Social Research to evaluate the effectiveness of the youth development/teenage pregnancy prevention programme 'Teens and Toddlers'. Previous studies had positive findings but had not been very rigorous in terms of methodology and methods used. We…
Descriptors: Youth Programs, Program Evaluation, Adolescents, Toddlers
Konnerup, Merete; Kongsted, Hans Christian – Evidence & Policy: A Journal of Research, Debate and Practice, 2012
Formalised research synthesis to underpin evidence-based policy and practice has become increasingly important in areas of public policy. In this paper we discuss whether the Cochrane standard for systematic reviews of healthcare interventions is appropriate for social research. We examine the formal criteria of the Cochrane Collaboration for…
Descriptors: Literature Reviews, Evidence Based Practice, Social Science Research, Public Health
Hay, M. Cameron, Ed. – University of Chicago Press, 2016
To do research that really makes a difference--the authors of this book argue--social scientists need questions and methods that reflect the complexity of the world. Bringing together a consortium of voices across a variety of fields, "Methods that Matter" offers compelling and successful examples of mixed methods research that do just…
Descriptors: Mixed Methods Research, Social Science Research, Case Studies, Holistic Approach