Random Equating (RE) and Heuristic Approach (HA) are two linking procedures that may be used to compare the scores of individuals in two tests that measure the same latent trait, in conditions where there are no common items or individuals. In this study, RE--that may only be used when the individuals taking the two tests come from the same…

Today, creativity is considered a success factor in many occupational fields and a core competence of the 21st century. In vocational education and training (VET), creativity is defined as problem-solving ability and ascribed to the transversal competences. Creativity is always context-dependent in terms of the work environment and specific…

The Great Mini-Golf Project requires students to use a ruler to identify measurements to the quarter-inch, with careful precision and accuracy, which supported the Standards for Mathematical Practice 5 and 6: using appropriate tools to solve mathematical problems with precision (NGA Center & CCSSO, 2010). This project also supported Standard…

Clathrate hydrates are attractive materials for education because they form from water and familiar compounds, such as carbon dioxide, and are relevant to novel technologies. In this study, an attempt to propose a laboratory experiment was summarized, which used carbon dioxide clathrate hydrate as an educational material with carbon capture…

The mathematical modeling process is also a powerful way to teach students the meaning of data. In mathematical modeling, students are collecting data to answer a question. Data collection is the means to an end and not the end in itself. The author was looking for an engaging way to introduce his third-grade mathematics class to the skill of…

Mathematical flexibility has been widely acknowledged as an important learning goal in mathematical education and has received increasing research attention in order to explore its nature, facilitating mechanisms, and promotion interventions. Given that researchers conceptualize, assess, and explain flexibility in mathematical problem solving from…

The present study seeks to explore the mathematical connections that 13-14-year-old secondary school students establish when solving area tasks. Emphasis is placed on different mathematical objects, and the connections between them, that allow students to successfully solve the tasks. The study follows a mixed methodology using qualitative and…

The empirical data in this study are from a series of two lessons on measurement implemented in seven classes with 119 six-year-old students in Sweden. Both problem solving and problem posing were shown to be important in early mathematics when students in this study worked on one problem-solving task and one problem-posing task on measurement. As…

In this study, a conceptual framework of measurement uncertainty was developed and used to guide the development of a multiple-choice concept test for the assessment of students' knowledge integration in learning measurement uncertainty. Based on assessment data and interview results, students were identified into three levels of knowledge…

The action sequences of respondents in problem-solving tasks reflect rich and detailed information about their performance, including differences in problem-solving ability, even if item scores are equal. It is therefore not sufficient to infer individual problem-solving skills based solely on item scores. This study is a preliminary attempt to…

Studies have demonstrated that task-evoked pupillary responses (TEPRs) can be adopted to measure the examinee's cognitive load. This study compared three approaches for the measurement of TEPRs, mean pupil diameter, mean pupil dilation, and mean percentage of pupil dilation, to determine the best-fit measuring method. The valid participants of…

In the human-to-human Collaborative Problem Solving (CPS) test, students' problem-solving process reflects the interdependency among partners. The high interdependency in CPS makes it very sensitive to group composition. For example, the group outcome might be driven by a highly competent group member, so it does not reflect all the individual…

In this article we show that the electrostatic field intensity of a uniformly charged straight line equals that of the corresponding arc of a circle charged with the same linear density. This new method greatly simplifies the calculation of the electrostatic field of a system consisting of uniformly charged straight lines.

This study aims to determine the proof schemes used by primary education teacher candidates when solving a given problem and in their instructional explanations. Having a qualitative nature, the study utilized data collected from 277 third-year teacher candidates studying at the primary education department of the education faculty of a state…

Proportional reasoning has been greatly influencing the development of students' mathematical abilities. Along with the area conservation ability, it helps elementary students comprehend area measurement. This exploratory study aimed to produce qualitative-descriptive data on elementary students' proportional reasoning in solving the conservation…