This study investigates the associations between statewide affirmative action bans and the racial composition of undergraduate students at public 4-year colleges and universities in five states, that is, Arizona, Michigan, Nebraska, New Hampshire, and Oklahoma. I use the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System data from 1999 to 2017, and…

The study reveals the barriers and challenges of African Americans during their ascendancy to senior-level leadership roles. The study addresses the problem of racism and white privilege in higher education institutions related to the underrepresentation of African Americans in senior-level positions, specifically in Washington State community and…

The purpose of this research is to acknowledge what California Community Colleges are/are not doing in regards to poor transfer outcomes to bolster bachelor's degree attainment, especially for underrepresented minorities (URM) and Black indigenous people of color (BIPOC) students. The California Community College system entices students with low…

In 2003, the Kansas State University College of Agriculture established a diversity programs office to assist the college with recruitment, retention, and graduation of underrepresented students. The Kansas State University Tilford Group has established standards for multicultural competency development that are founded in three primary discussion…

Almost 30 states in the U.S. have authorized their community colleges to confer baccalaureate degrees without a partnership with a traditional four-year institution. The intention of four-year degree programs at select community colleges is to increase four-year degree production in areas with high labor market demand but a low supply of qualified…

A solid majority of California's future college-age population will come from demographic groups that have been historically underrepresented in higher education--including Latinos, African Americans, and those who are low income or the first in their families to go to college. PPIC research has shown that this demographic shift could make it more…

Far too many California students are falling off the pathway to and through college. At current rates of high school and college completion, only about 30 percent of California 9th graders will earn a bachelor's degree, a rate that is insufficient for an economy that increasingly demands more highly educated workers. In this study, the authors…

Many states are passing "free" college plans, and policymakers at both the state and federal level continue to debate the merits of national "free college" or "debt-free college" proposals, also known as Promise programs. Both federal and state "free" college proposals are geared toward a policy objective of…