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Paape, Dario; Vasishth, Shravan – Cognitive Science, 2022
What is the processing cost of being garden-pathed by a temporary syntactic ambiguity? We argue that comparing average reading times in garden-path versus non-garden-path sentences is not enough to answer this question. Trial-level contaminants such as inattention, the fact that garden pathing may occur non-deterministically in the ambiguous…
Descriptors: Computation, Language Processing, Syntax, Ambiguity (Semantics)
Torabi Asr, Fatemeh; Demberg, Vera – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2020
Connectives can facilitate the processing of discourse relations by helping comprehenders to infer the intended coherence relation holding between two text spans. Previous experimental studies have focused on pairs of connectives that are very different from one another to be able to compare and formalize the distinguishing effects of these…
Descriptors: Connected Discourse, Form Classes (Languages), Ambiguity (Semantics), Inferences
Strößner, Corina; Schurz, Gerhard – Cognitive Science, 2020
The modifier effect refers to the fact that the perceived likelihood of a property in a noun category is diminished if the noun is modified. For example, "Pigs live on farms" is rated as more likely than "Dirty pigs live on farms." The modifier effect has been demonstrated in many studies, but the underlying cognitive…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Pragmatics, Nouns, Form Classes (Languages)
Szewczyk, Jakub M.; Mech, Emily N.; Federmeier, Kara D. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
Can a single adjective immediately influence message-building during sentence processing? We presented participants with 168 sentence contexts, such as "His skin was red from spending the day at the …" Sentences ended with either the most expected word ("beach") or a low cloze probability completion ("pool"). Nouns…
Descriptors: Form Classes (Languages), Nouns, Language Processing, Diagnostic Tests
Fernandes, Eunice G.; Luegi, Paula; Correa Soares, Eduardo; de la Fuente, Israel; Hemforth, Barbara – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Previous research accounting for pronoun resolution as a problem of probabilistic inference has not explored the phenomenon of adaptation, whereby the processor constantly tracks and adapts, rationally, to changes in a statistical environment. We investigate whether Brazilian (BP) and European Portuguese (EP) speakers adapt to variations in the…
Descriptors: Portuguese, Form Classes (Languages), Adjustment (to Environment), Probability
Jäschke, Katja; Plag, Ingo – Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 2016
This study investigates the role of probabilistic grammatical constraints on the dative alternation in English as a second language (ESL). It presents the results of an experiment in which the different factors that are influential in first language (L1) English are tested with advanced learners of English whose L1 is German. Second language (L2)…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), German, Interlanguage, Grammar
Banks, Kathleen; Jeddeeni, Ahmad; Walker, Cindy M. – International Journal of Testing, 2016
Differential bundle functioning (DBF) analyses were conducted to determine whether seventh and eighth grade second language learners (SLLs) had lower probabilities of answering bundles of math word problems correctly that had heavy language demands, when compared to non-SLLs of equal math proficiency. Math word problems on each of four test forms…
Descriptors: Middle School Students, English Language Learners, Second Language Learning, Grade 7