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Juhi Parmar; Klaus Rothermund – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2024
Stimulus-response binding and retrieval (SRBR) is a fundamental mechanism driving behavior automatization. In five experiments, we investigated the modulatory role of affective consequences (AC) on SRBR effects to test whether binding/retrieval can explain instrumental learning (i.e., the "law of effect"). SRBR effects were assessed in a…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Responses, Behavior, Reinforcement
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Werchan, Denise M.; Amso, Dima – Developmental Science, 2021
Previous work has shown that infants as young as 8 months of age can use certain features of the environment, such as the shape or color of visual stimuli, as cues to organize simple inputs into hierarchical rule structures, a robust form of reinforcement learning that supports generalization of prior learning to new contexts. However, especially…
Descriptors: Infants, Reinforcement, Bias, Stimuli
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Shannon M. Angley; Daniel R. Mitteer; Brian D. Greer; Omar M. Elwasli; Wayne W. Fisher – Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 2024
Functional communication training (FCT) is an effective intervention for teaching communication responses and reducing challenging behavior. One limitation of FCT is that frequent reinforcement may be impractical or impossible in many situations. Recently, Mitteer et al. published a tutorial in the journal "AAC" that provided video…
Descriptors: Augmentative and Alternative Communication, Communication Skills, Functional Behavioral Assessment, Behavior Modification
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Liefooghe, Baptist; Hughes, Sean; Schmidt, James R.; De Houwer, Jan – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
Automaticity can be established by consistently reinforcing contingencies during practice. During reinforcement learning, however, new relations can also be derived, which were never directly reinforced. For instance, reinforcing the overlapping contingencies A [right arrow] B and A [right arrow] C, can lead to a new relation B-C, which was never…
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Visual Stimuli, Interference (Learning), Reaction Time
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Bejjani, Christina; Egner, Tobias – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
Cognitive control describes the ability to use internal goals to strategically guide how we process and respond to our environment. Changes in the environment lead to adaptation in control strategies. This type of control learning can be observed in performance adjustments in response to varying proportions of easy to hard trials over blocks of…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Memory, Attention, Motivation
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Chen, Jinglu; Tan, Ling; Liu, Lu; Wang, Ling – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
It has been demonstrated that the Simon effect may be increased or reversed due to proportion congruency manipulation, suggesting that learned spatial irrelevant stimulus-response (S-R) associations are used to guide responses. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that learning spatial irrelevant S-R associations by rewards may show a similar…
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Reaction Time, Prediction, Color