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Elin Thordardottir; Ludivine Plez – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2024
Background: Bilingual assessment is particularly difficult in the very first period of children's second language (L2) exposure. This exploratory, longitudinal study examined L2 learning after 1 and 2 years of L2 exposure by young immigrants and how it is affected by their age at first exposure to the L2 (AoE). Method: Participants were 18…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Age Groups, Preschool Children, Adolescents
Leyli Kashef; Nasser Ghafoori; Akbar Valizadeh Oghani; Azadeh Mehrpouyan – International Journal of Language Testing, 2024
The present study explored the effects of interactionist Dynamic Assessment (DA) and age on the writing accuracy of IELTS candidates. This research investigated the existence of an interactional effect between the age of learners and the type of treatment they received. First, 140 IELTS candidates were split into two age groups, adult and young.…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Language Tests, Second Language Learning, Writing Evaluation
Vahid Rahmani Doqaruni – HOW, 2024
Despite the growing body of studies on action research (AR) in second/foreign language (L2) education, little is known about teachers' beliefs about AR among different age groups. Hence, this study investigates whether L2 teachers' beliefs about AR vary by considering teachers' age. The Inventory on Teachers' Beliefs about Action Research (ITBAR)…
Descriptors: Language Teachers, Teacher Attitudes, Age Groups, Action Research
Naailah Duymun-Demirtas – International Journal of Multilingualism, 2025
This paper seeks to present the case of successful nativelike proficiency in L7, achieved in adulthood. As a case study of multiple language acquisition processes acquired, both in childhood and adulthood, this study operates in the fields of multilingualism and language acquisition. The author presents her experiences of language acquisition and…
Descriptors: Adults, Second Language Learning, Language Proficiency, Linguistic Theory
David Singleton; Justyna Lesniewska – Language Teaching Research Quarterly, 2024
This article delves into the ongoing debate surrounding the role of age in second language acquisition, examining developments over the past three decades and highlighting contentious issues. We argue that the commonly held belief in age's pivotal role is frequently contradicted by empirical evidence. Additionally, we examine the agerelated debate…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Age Differences, Brain, Lifelong Learning
Sara Saez-Fajardo – International Journal of Multilingualism, 2025
This project studies how Spanish-Catalan early bilinguals use language learning strategies (LLS) differently depending on their order of language acquisition when they are learning French as an L4. Considering that the use of LLS has been pointed out as a sign of successful language learning, the study inquires whether being a simultaneous…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Spanish, Learning Strategies, High School Students
Wei Liu; Yingxue Wang – International Journal of Web-Based Learning and Teaching Technologies, 2025
Age is one of the important factors affecting individual differences in second language acquisition. The development of cognitive ability also has certain influence on second language acquisition, depending on whether this influence is positive or negative. This paper discusses the educational significance of the age factor in English teaching…
Descriptors: Secondary School Students, Secondary School Teachers, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning
Derek N. Canning; Stuart McLean; Joseph P. Vitta – Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 2024
Recent studies have shown that the frequency effect, although long used as a guide to word difficulty, fails to explain all variance in learner word knowledge. As such, a "more than frequency" conclusion has been offered to explain how lexical sophistication accounts for word difficulty. This study presents a multiple regression model of…
Descriptors: Difficulty Level, Vocabulary, College Students, Incidence
Kazuya Saito – Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 2024
The current study set out to examine to what degree age of acquisition (AOA), defined as a learner's first intensive exposure to a second language (L2) environment, mediates the final state of postpubertal, spoken vocabulary attainment. In Study 1, spontaneous speech samples were elicited from experienced Japanese users of English (n = 41) using…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Vocabulary Development, English (Second Language), Age Differences
Anna Stepanovna Borisova; Oksana Ivanovna Aleksandrova; Svetlana Alekseevna Moskvitcheva; Muhammad Arif Soomro – Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 2025
The present study investigates the correlations between socio-biographical variables (such as age, gender, years of studying English language, and educational environment) and foreign language anxiety learning. The study also compares the manifestation of foreign language anxiety among Chinese and Russian university students. A mixed-method of…
Descriptors: Student Characteristics, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Age Differences
Jonathan Paris; Sawsen Lakhal; Joséphine Mukamurera – Educational Technology & Society, 2025
The extensive adoption of online education by universities worldwide was further propelled by the coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19), giving rise to a key challenge: high dropout rates. Previous studies based on the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework have examined the effects of social presence (SP), cognitive presence (CP), and teaching…
Descriptors: Student Satisfaction, Academic Persistence, College Students, Online Courses
Judith F. Kroll; Paola E. Dussias – Language Teaching Research Quarterly, 2024
In the history of psycholinguistics, there are traditional accounts that have been told about language learning and processing. These accounts revolve around the constraints imposed by the age of language learning and by universal principles that are assumed to be natively given. The contribution of Brian MacWhinney and his collaborators has been…
Descriptors: Transfer of Training, Bilingualism, Native Language, Second Language Learning
Staples, Shelley; Gray, Bethany; Biber, Douglas; Egbert, Jesse – Applied Linguistics, 2023
Grammatical complexity has been established as a key indicator of language and writing development (Ortega 2003; Bulté and Housen, 2014; Crossley and McNamara 2014). The present study uses the Register-Functional approach to complexity (Biber et al. 2022) to compare the development of L1 English and L2 English writers across year of study and…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Writing Skills, Grammar
Chen, Jin; Kwok, Sze Chai; Song, Yongning – Developmental Science, 2023
The relationship between executive function and second-language ability remains contentious in bilingual children; thus, the current study focused on this issue. In total, 371 Uyghur-Chinese bilingual children ranging from 3 to 6 years old were assessed by a battery of tasks measuring language ability (expressive vocabulary tests, receptive…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Young Children, Bilingualism, Executive Function
Isbell, Daniel R.; Crowther, Dustin – Applied Linguistics, 2023
As the global importance of English and its proportion of non-native speakers have continued to grow, research on Global Englishes has prioritized non-native speakers' changing attitudes toward non-native varieties. To investigate changes in attitudes among 'Inner Circle' English speakers, we conceptually replicated Lindemann's (2005) survey of…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Language Variation, Undergraduate Students