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Leila Etemadi; Dan-Anders Jirenhed; Anders Rasmussen – npj Science of Learning, 2023
Eyeblink conditioning is used in many species to study motor learning and make inferences about cerebellar function. However, the discrepancies in performance between humans and other species combined with evidence that volition and awareness can modulate learning suggest that eyeblink conditioning is not merely a passive form of learning that…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes, Difficulty Level, Intervals
Kikas, Katarina; Westbrook, R. Frederick; Holmes, Nathan M. – Learning & Memory, 2021
Four experiments examined the effects of a dangerous context and a systemic epinephrine injection on sensory preconditioning in rats. In each experiment, rats were exposed to presentations of a tone and light in stage 1, light-shock pairings in stage 2, and test presentations of the tone alone and light alone in stage 3. Presentations of the tone…
Descriptors: Sensory Experience, Conditioning, Animals, Visual Stimuli
Tovar-Díaz, Jorge; Morín, Jean-Pascal; Ríos-Carrillo, Jorge Eduardo; de Jesús, Hilda Sánchez; Roldán-Roldán, Gabriel – Learning & Memory, 2021
In conditioned odor aversion (COA), the association of a tasteless odorized solution (the conditioned stimulus [CS]) with an intraperitoneal injection of LiCl (the unconditioned stimulus [US]), which produces visceral malaise, results in its future avoidance. The strength of this associative memory is mainly dependent on two parameters, that is,…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Associative Learning, Conditioning, Olfactory Perception
Davies, Don A.; Hurtubise, Jessica L.; Greba, Quentin; Howland, John G. – Learning & Memory, 2017
The trial-unique, delayed nonmatching-to-location (TUNL) task is a recently developed behavioral task that measures spatial working memory and a form of pattern separation in touchscreen-equipped operant conditioning chambers. Limited information exists regarding the neurotransmitters and neural substrates involved in the task. The present…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Brain, Short Term Memory, Neurological Organization
Leganes-Fonteneau, Mateo; Nikolaou, Kyriaki; Scott, Ryan; Duka, Theodora – Learning & Memory, 2019
Stimuli conditioned with a substance can generate drug-approach behaviors due to their acquired motivational properties. According to implicit theories of addiction, these stimuli can decrease cognitive control automatically. The present study (n = 49) examined whether reward-associated stimuli can interfere with cognitive processes in the absence…
Descriptors: Knowledge Level, Rewards, Conditioning, Bayesian Statistics
Bas-Orth, Carlos; Tan, Yan-Wei; Oliveira, Ana M. M.; Bengtson, C. Peter; Bading, Hilmar – Learning & Memory, 2016
The formation of long-term memory requires signaling from the synapse to the nucleus to mediate neuronal activity-dependent gene transcription. Synapse-to-nucleus communication is initiated by influx of calcium ions through synaptic NMDA receptors and/or L-type voltage-gated calcium channels and involves the activation of transcription factors by…
Descriptors: Long Term Memory, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Animals, Genetics