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Direct linkBiddanda, Haley C. – Communique, 2022
Race-based traumatic stress, also called racial trauma, refers to "mental and emotional injury caused by encounters with racial bias and ethnic discrimination, racism, and hate crimes" (Mental Health America, n.d.). While much research on racism-based stress in schools focuses on teachers, school psychologists can just as easily cause…
Descriptors: Racial Discrimination, Anxiety, African American Students, Testing Programs
Download full textNew York State Education Department, 2016
This technical report provides detailed information regarding the technical, statistical, and measurement attributes of the New York State Testing Program (NYSTP) for the Grades 3-8 Common Core English Language Arts (ELA) and Mathematics 2016 Operational Tests. This report includes information about test content and test development, item (i.e.,…
Descriptors: Testing Programs, English, Language Arts, Mathematics Tests
