Virtual Reality (VR) provides an immersive learning (IL) experience by simulating real-world scenarios that bridge the gap between theory and application. VR simulations are interactive and enhance student engagement across a range of concepts, from simple to complex. India and Russia share similar cultural and historical backgrounds, and both are…

The concept of virtual mobility is increasingly receiving attention in the literature. As one central advantage, virtual mobility enables international and intercultural experiences for non-traditional students regularly found in distance education. However, hitherto there is a lack of empirical data on the students' experiences with virtual…