Using intrusive advising principles and the four Cs framework, the Strong-Start Program was developed and implemented to improve student outcomes in developmental math, reading, and writing courses. An intrusive advising protocol was used to help students recognize, adopt, and engage in the behaviors needed to complete instructor-assigned…

Faced with shrinking state funds, rising student demand, high failure rates, and racial and ethnic achievement gaps, the introductory microeconomics course became a bottleneck for business students at California State University, Northridge. The Economics Department responded with the creation of a flipped, introductory microeconomics course where…