Pupils with Intellectual Disability (PwID) experience difficulties with acquisition of social skills. They find it difficult to initiate and maintain positive social relationships. Previous studies focused on enhancing academic skills of PwID with little emphasis on fostering functional skills. Therefore, this study determined the effects of…

Insufficient research attention has been focused on the development of academic "under"-achievement and motivational beliefs. A longitudinal, person-centered approach was used to identify latent subgroups of growth in the joint development of teacher-reported underachievement and four motivational beliefs (self-concept, task importance,…