This study used online responses, observation fieldnotes, and interviews to analyze eight student teachers' learning through text-based protocols on news analysis during their practicum, a core component for beginning teachers' competence construction, in a language teacher education program in the northwest of Taiwan. This study revealed that…

This study focuses on the integration of protocols into elementary school English teacher's professional dialogue and discusses the influence of protocols on teacher's teaching and learning. Based on the analysis of documents, observations, and interviews, this study concludes that the introduction of protocols to elementary school English…