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Alicia M. Chen; Andrew Palacci; Natalia Vélez; Robert D. Hawkins; Samuel J. Gershman – Cognitive Science, 2024
How do teachers learn about what learners already know? How do learners aid teachers by providing them with information about their background knowledge and what they find confusing? We formalize this collaborative reasoning process using a hierarchical Bayesian model of pedagogy. We then evaluate this model in two online behavioral experiments (N…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Models, Teaching Methods, Evaluation
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Tutku Öztel; Fuat Balci – Cognitive Science, 2024
One of the most prominent social influences on human decision making is conformity, which is even more prominent when the perceptual information is ambiguous. The Bayes optimal solution to this problem entails weighting the relative reliability of cognitive information and perceptual signals in constructing the percept from self-sourced/endogenous…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Computation, Social Influences, Decision Making
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Marchant, Nicolás; Quillien, Tadeg; Chaigneau, Sergio E. – Cognitive Science, 2023
The causal view of categories assumes that categories are represented by features and their causal relations. To study the effect of causal knowledge on categorization, researchers have used Bayesian causal models. Within that framework, categorization may be viewed as dependent on a likelihood computation (i.e., the likelihood of an exemplar with…
Descriptors: Classification, Bayesian Statistics, Causal Models, Evaluation Methods
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Xie, Belinda; Hayes, Brett – Cognitive Science, 2022
According to Bayesian models of judgment, testimony from independent informants has more evidential value than dependent testimony. Three experiments investigated learners' sensitivity to this distinction. Each experiment used a social version of the balls-and-urns task, in which participants judged which of two urns was the most likely source of…
Descriptors: Evidence, Decision Making, Task Analysis, Beliefs
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Zheng, Rong; Busemeyer, Jerome R.; Nosofsky, Robert M. – Cognitive Science, 2023
Though individual categorization or decision processes have been studied separately in many previous investigations, few studies have investigated how they interact by using a two-stage task of first categorizing and then deciding. To address this issue, we investigated a categorization-decision task in two experiments. In both, participants were…
Descriptors: Classification, Decision Making, Task Analysis, Feedback (Response)
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Giustolisi, Beatrice; Martin, Jordan S.; Westphal-Fitch, Gesche; Fitch, W. Tecumseh; Cecchetto, Carlo – Cognitive Science, 2022
Previous research has hypothesized that human sequential processing may be dependent upon hearing experience (the "auditory scaffolding hypothesis"), predicting that sequential rule learning abilities should be hindered by congenital deafness. To test this hypothesis, we compared deaf signer and hearing individuals' ability to acquire…
Descriptors: Deafness, Grammar, Artificial Languages, Auditory Perception
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Paape, Dario; Avetisyan, Serine; Lago, Sol; Vasishth, Shravan – Cognitive Science, 2021
We present computational modeling results based on a self-paced reading study investigating number attraction effects in Eastern Armenian. We implement three novel computational models of agreement attraction in a Bayesian framework and compare their predictive fit to the data using k-fold cross-validation. We find that our data are better…
Descriptors: Computational Linguistics, Indo European Languages, Grammar, Bayesian Statistics