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Zhang, Shuai; Breuer, Esther Odilia; Grünke, Matthias; Joshi, R. Malatesha – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2022
The current study examined German spelling errors among students with German as their first language (L1) and those with German as their second language (L2) in Grades 3-4 (elementary school students; n = 127) and Grades 5-7 (secondary school students; n = 379). Five hundred and six students participated in the study. We performed two separate…
Descriptors: Spelling, Error Analysis (Language), Individual Differences, Foreign Countries
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Lindner, Amanda L.; Wijekumar, Kausalai; Joshi, R. Malatesha – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2022
The depth of the English orthography makes reading and spelling in English a difficult task; particularly for English language learners (ELLs) whose first language (L1) has a shallow orthography. Mastering spelling in English is a critical component of increasing the English literacy of ELLs. This study investigated the English spelling of 569…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Spelling, Writing Achievement
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Cho, Jeung-Ryeul; McBride, Catherine – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2022
This study examined whether different cognitive correlates are associated with spelling of different target types, such as phonologically consistent and inconsistent syllables, of Korean Hangul among 94 five-year-old first language (L1) Korean children and 41 foreign language (FL) learners who are Hong Kong Chinese college students. Korean…
Descriptors: Spelling, Korean, Alphabets, Native Language
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Feder, Liat; Abu-Rabia, Salim – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2022
The study tested whether cognitive retroactive transfer (CRT) of language skills from English to Hebrew takes place; specifically, whether an improvement in linguistic and meta-linguistic skills in English as a foreign language (FL) would lead to an improvement in these skills in Hebrew as the first language (L1). The participants consisted of 124…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Transfer of Training, Language Skills, English (Second Language)
Taboada Barber, Ana; Klauda, Susan Lutz; Wang, Weimeng; Cartwright, Kelly B.; Cutting, Laurie E. – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2022
This study centered on emergent bilingual (EB) students with specific reading comprehension deficits (S-RCD), that is, with poor reading comprehension despite solid word identification skills. The participants were 209 students in Grades 2 to 4, including both EBs and English monolinguals (EMs) with and without S-RCD. Mean comparisons indicated…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Reading Comprehension, Reading Difficulties, Comparative Analysis
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Li, Miao; Kirby, John R.; Geva, Esther; Koh, Poh Wee; Zhang, Huan – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2022
This study examined (a) the identification of various reading groups across languages in Chinese (L1) adolescents learning English as a second language (ESL), in terms of their word-reading and reading comprehension skills, (b) overlap in reading group membership across languages, and (c) the performance of the various reading groups on…
Descriptors: Reading Difficulties, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
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Cho, Eunsoo; Mancilla-Martinez, Jeannette; Hwang, Jin Kyoung; Fuchs, Lynn S.; Seethaler, Pamela M.; Fuchs, Douglas – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2022
The purpose of this study was threefold: to examine unique and shared risk factors of comorbidity for reading comprehension and word-problem solving difficulties, to explore whether language minority (LM) learners are at increased risk of what we refer to as "higher order comorbidity" (reading comprehension and word-problem solving…
Descriptors: Comorbidity, Problem Solving, Reading Comprehension, Word Problems (Mathematics)