Previous research on open-mindedness, whether by critical thinking researchers, philosophers of education, or intellectual virtue theorists, has not sufficiently addressed the challenge posed by cognitive bias, particularly motivated reasoning. How can students develop their open-mindedness when they are often motivated to preserve their prior…

This qualitative descriptive study aimed to explore how community college students describe their motivations and reasoning when learning about controversial science topics at a southwestern community college. Anti-science attitudes have been increasing globally, but is not fully understood. Two research questions were developed using the theory…

This study compares the effects of object-oriented and robot programming activities on programming achievement, abstraction, problem solving, and motivation. In the study, two consecutive experimental cases were conducted to examine the consistency of findings. The research sample comprises 81 tenth-grade students undergoing vocational secondary…