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Conditioning on the Pre-Test versus Gain Score Modelling: Revisiting the Controversy in a Multilevel Setting
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Bruno Arpino; Silvia Bacci; Leonardo Grilli; Raffaele Guetto; Carla Rampichini – Evaluation Review, 2025
We consider estimating the effect of a treatment on a given outcome measured on subjects tested both before and after treatment assignment in observational studies. A vast literature compares the competing approaches of modelling the post-test score conditionally on the pre-test score versus modelling the difference, namely, the gain score. Our…
Descriptors: Scores, Pretesting, Conditioning, Achievement Gains
The Effects of Achievement Goals and Perceived Reading Instruction on Chinese Student Reading Performance: Evidence from PISA 2018
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Qian, Quan; Lau, Kit-ling – Journal of Research in Reading, 2022
Background: Research has shown that achievement goals and reading instruction play important roles in students' reading performance. However, little is known about the specific effects of different types of achievement goals and reading instructional practices on reading performance in mainland China. Methods: This study used Programme of…
Descriptors: Achievement Gains, School Districts, Teaching Methods, Reading Achievement
The Impact of i-Ready Personalized Instruction with Fidelity on 2021 MCAS Mathematics Achievement. Final Report
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Cook, Michael; Ross, Steven M. – Center for Research and Reform in Education, 2022
The purpose of this evaluation was to examine the impact of i-Ready Personalized Instruction that met Curriculum Associates' recommended usage levels on mathematics achievement, as measured by the Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System (MCAS) mathematics assessment. This study compared mathematics achievement growth of students who used…
Descriptors: Mathematics Achievement, Mathematics Instruction, Program Evaluation, Individualized Instruction
The Impact of i-Ready Personalized Instruction with Fidelity on 2021 MCAS ELA Achievement. Final Report
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Cook, Michael; Ross, Steven M. – Center for Research and Reform in Education, 2022
The purpose of this evaluation was to examine the impact of i-Ready Personalized Instruction that met Curriculum Associates' recommended usage levels on ELA achievement, as measured by the Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System (MCAS) ELA assessment. This study compared the ELA achievement growth in the 2020-21 school year of students who…
Descriptors: English, Language Arts, Computer Assisted Instruction, Computer Assisted Testing