With the increased popularity of electronic textbooks, there is a growing interest in developing a new generation of "intelligent textbooks," which have the ability to guide readers according to their learning goals and current knowledge. Intelligent textbooks extend regular textbooks by integrating machine-manipulable knowledge, and the…

Educational technology innovations leveraging large language models (LLMs) have shown the potential to automate the laborious process of generating and analysing textual content. While various innovations have been developed to automate a range of educational tasks (eg, question generation, feedback provision, and essay grading), there are…

This paper proposes a computer-aided teaching model using knowledge graph construction and learning path recommendation. It first creates a multimodal knowledge graph to illustrate complex relationships among knowledge. Learning elements and sequences are then used to form time sequences stored as directed graphs, supporting flexible path…

In this paper, we demonstrate how machine learning could be used to quickly assess a student's multimodal representational thinking. Multimodal representational thinking is the complex construct that encodes how students form conceptual, perceptual, graphical, or mathematical symbols in their mind. The augmented reality (AR) technology is adopted…