This paper uses a novel data on both students' and teachers' online participation with students' administrative academic records and characteristics. The first chapter provides evidence that pre-pandemic lower-achieving students benefitted of the extra time they got during the Spring 2020 lockdown by doing more homework and completing the work…

The article explores the position and the ideological background of the study of the history of education in Macedonia over a span of almost 80 years: from the late 1920s, when it was introduced as a subject in teacher schools, until 2004 when the last change of the study of history of education as scientific discipline was made due to the Bologna…