Scale errors are intriguing phenomena in which a child tries to perform an object-specific action on a tiny object. Several viewpoints explaining the developmental mechanisms underlying scale errors exist; however, there is no unified account of how different factors interact and affect scale errors, and the statistical approaches used in the…

Researchers have recognized the need for updates of test anxiety scales for more measurement accuracy. However, studies that investigated the measurement invariance of the Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI), and identified the latent profiles remain scare not withstanding its wide usage in Nigeria. This might have an impact on how generalizability and…

Scientific research is vital for student's education, fostering critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and deepening subject knowledge. To assess students' attitudes towards research, the attitude towards research scale was developed (EACIN). This study addresses three gaps regarding this instrument: inconsistent latent structure, lack of…

The patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) is widely utilized in assessing individuals' depression levels. Nevertheless, research regarding its factor structure and measurement invariance remains inadequate. The aim of this study was to delve into the factor structure of the PHQ-9 and to further investigate its measurement invariance across gender…

The present study aims to validate the Flourishing Scale (FS) in a convenience sample of 233 special education teachers. The FS's psychometric properties were investigated using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). EFA had a one-factor solution that explained 49.9% of the variance, a Cronbach's alpha internal…

Instructors and researchers often use research-based assessments to identify the impact of instructional activities. These investigations often focus on issues of diversity, equity, and inclusions by comparing outcomes across social identity groups (e.g., gender, race, and class). Comparisons across groups assume the assessments measure the same…

Previous research has been limited regarding the measurement of computational thinking, particularly as a learning progression in K-12. This study proposes to apply a multidimensional item response theory (IRT) model to a newly developed measure of computational thinking utilizing both selected response and open-ended polytomous items to establish…

This study aimed to introduce an ego-resiliency questionnaire for preadolescents (the ER-P) by restructuring the ER89 using the data of 1398 preadolescents from the Panel Study on Korean Children. The ER-P was proposed as a 10-item second-order instrument with two factors (Optimal Regulation and Openness to Life Experiences). The ER-P achieved…

How parents value and address emotions with their children is essential for children's emotion socialization. This study developed and validated the short Parent-Child Emotion Communication questionnaire (PEC), which measures the extent to which parents appreciate emotions, consciously discuss their own and their child's emotions with their…

The present study examined the metric properties of the Delaware School Climate Survey -- Student (DSCS-S) using a sample of 1524 Serbian high school students. Of the total number of participants, 764 were male and 760 were female with age ranging from 16 to 20 years (M = 17.67, SD = 0.65). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) demonstrated that a…

Assessment of measurement invariance is an essential component of construct validity in psychological measurement. However, the procedure for assessing measurement invariance with dichotomous items partially differs from that of invariance testing with continuous items. However, many studies have focused on invariance testing with continuous items…

In response to the prevalence of perceived internship Pick-up Artist(PUA) behaviours and the lack of appropriate measurement tools, the purpose of this study was to develop and validate a new self-designed questionnaire, the Perceived Internship PUA Scale (PIPUAS), to assess college student interns' perceptions of internship PUA behaviours. The…

This study aims to examine the measurement invariance of the Social Media Addiction Scale (SMAS) in terms of gender, time spent on social media accounts, and the number of social media accounts. Invariance analyses conducted within the scope of the research were carried out on 672 participants. Measurement invariance studies were examined…

Academic Self-Efficacy for Self-Regulated Learning (ASE for SRL) represents individuals' belief in their abilities to regulate and organize their learning to achieve academic outcomes, and it is crucial for motivation and students' well-being. This study, conducted on a nationally representative sample of 26,564 10th grade Italian students (50.1%…

Background: Identifying as an engineer is essential for belonging and student success, yet the social context and professional norms make it more difficult for some students to establish an identity as an engineer. Purpose/Hypothesis: This study investigated whether first-generation college students' funds of knowledge supported their engineering…