The flexion relaxation ratio (FRR) of the lumbar extensor muscles is often assessed in experimental and clinical studies. This study evaluated within- and between-session test--retest reliability and measurement error for different FRR formulations. Participants completed two identical data collection sessions 1-week apart. Spine flexion and…

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of a twelve-week pilates exercise program on some performance tests and body composition. The research was a quantitative study and experimental research model was used as a model. The study group consisted of 32 female volunteer students aged between 20-23 who were educated at Kirikkale University,…

The integration of machine translation (MT) and artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly enhanced the precision of MT systems producing translations that rival the quality of skilled human translators. This innovation has broadened the applicability of AI-enabled MT systems attracting users for a variety of purposes. This paper explores the…