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Direct linkMiyazaki, Yasuo; Kamata, Akihito; Uekawa, Kazuaki; Sun, Yizhi – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2022
This paper investigated consequences of measurement error in the pretest on the estimate of the treatment effect in a pretest-posttest design with the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model, focusing on both the direction and magnitude of its bias. Some prior studies have examined the magnitude of the bias due to measurement error and suggested…
Descriptors: Error of Measurement, Pretesting, Pretests Posttests, Statistical Bias
