This study developed a Metaverse Competency Scale (MCS) to measure users' proficiency in crucial metaverse skills. The scale was built on a thorough literature review covering digital avatars, immersive experiences, and decentralized value exchange. A two-phase questionnaire approach was employed. In the first phase, a pre-test questionnaire,…

We aimed to model the direct effects of the theorized relationships of academic self-efficacy, computer use self-efficacy, learning management system self-efficacy, internet and information-seeking self-efficacy, and online learning self-efficacy using structural equation modeling. The study proves that academic self-efficacy has positive…

This study aims to analyse the correlations between chemistry teachers' sense of efficacy and their technological pedagogical content knowledge in context (TPCKCx). For this purpose, 201 chemistry teachers were included in the study on the basis of volunteering. A total of 121 of the participants were female chemistry teachers and 80 of them were…