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Camilo Andrés Rodríguez-Nieto; José David Cabarcas-Jiménez; Adriana Lucía Sarmiento-Reales; Benilda María Cantillo-Rudas; Jesús David Berrio-Valbuena; Sudirman Sudirman; Angela Castro Inostroza – International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education, 2025
The level of arithmetic knowledge of a high school student was explored when solving additive word problems considering the semantic structure and syntactic component. The methodology was qualitative and developed in four stages: the first is the selection of the participant, the second is the design of a questionnaire with twenty additive…
Descriptors: Problem Solving, Arithmetic, Mathematics Instruction, Addition
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Yusuke Uegatani; Hiroki Otani; Shintaro Shirakawa; Ryo Ito – Mathematics Education Research Journal, 2024
Due to the learning paradox, students cannot have real difficulty in understanding a mathematical concept that they have not yet understood. There is a gap between real difficulties, directly experienced by students, and illusionary ones, only observed by researchers. This paper aims to offer a critical reflection on our understanding of the term…
Descriptors: Mathematics Education, Concept Formation, Mathematical Concepts, Difficulty Level
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Xin Wei; Susu Zhang; Jihong Zhang – Grantee Submission, 2025
This investigation explores the relationship between the use of digital pencil and mathematical problem-solving accuracy among 1,530 students with learning disabilities (LD) and 25,400 general education (GE) peers from the 2017 digital National Assessment of Educational Progress mathematics assessment. The term "digital pencil" in this…
Descriptors: Educational Technology, Technology Uses in Education, Mathematics Skills, Problem Solving
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Lauren Capotosto – Reading Horizons, 2024
To promote independent reading in middle school, teachers must understand why adolescents choose to read or not read a specific book. Yet, there is limited research on the factors that students consider when evaluating books that teachers have introduced them to in class. This study aimed to describe factors that 43 Grade 7 and 8 students noted as…
Descriptors: Middle School Students, Grade 7, Grade 8, Reading Material Selection
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Heidi Anne E. Mesmer – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2025
Many initiatives have emphasized the importance of challenging students in text using readability formulas. Almost all formulas employ mean word frequency yet long-standing issues abound. Researchers question using a singular mean with a skewed variable like frequency. They also question the degree to which frequency pinpoints complex words,…
Descriptors: Critical Reading, Word Frequency, Difficulty Level, Elementary Schools
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Florian Budimaier; Martin Hopf – Physical Review Physics Education Research, 2024
Although there has been extensive research on students' understanding of the particulate nature of matter (PNM), there is still a lack of research on contexts that can be used to teach this challenging topic. In a previous design-based research study, the authors developed a teaching-learning sequence (TLS) on the PNM in the context of crystal…
Descriptors: Physics, Teaching Methods, Learning Processes, Science Instruction
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Gay Ivey; Peter Johnston – Language and Education, 2024
Although reading comprehension research and instruction commonly focus on individuals' ability to extract meaning from text, eighth-grade students whose teachers chose to focus on engaged volitional reading, rather than comprehension, demonstrated expansive forms of meaning-making and purpose. Interviews and observations across two school years…
Descriptors: Literature Appreciation, Reading Material Selection, Student Interests, Difficulty Level
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Manuel M. Schwartze; Anne C. Frenzel; Thomas Goetz; Annette Lohbeck; David Bednorz; Michael Kleine; Reinhard Pekrun – British Journal of Educational Psychology, 2024
Background: Recent research on boredom suggests that it can emerge in situations characterized by over- and under-challenge. In learning contexts, this implies that high boredom may be experienced both by low- and high-achieving students. Aims: This research aimed to explore the existence and prevalence of boredom due to being over- and…
Descriptors: Psychological Patterns, Attention Span, Difficulty Level, Low Achievement
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Qing Guo; Huan Li; Sha Zhu – Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2024
Previous research has not adequately explored students' behavioral processes when addressing computational thinking (CT) problems of varying difficulty, limiting insights into students' detailed CT development characteristics. This study seeks to fill this gap by employing gamified CT items across multiple difficulty levels to calculate…
Descriptors: Computation, Thinking Skills, Student Behavior, Difficulty Level
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Qi Huang; Daniel M. Bolt; Weicong Lyu – Large-scale Assessments in Education, 2024
Large scale international assessments depend on invariance of measurement across countries. An important consideration when observing cross-national differential item functioning (DIF) is whether the DIF actually reflects a source of bias, or might instead be a methodological artifact reflecting item response theory (IRT) model misspecification.…
Descriptors: Test Items, Item Response Theory, Test Bias, Test Validity
Elizabeth Pursell – ProQuest LLC, 2024
Cognitive development of eighth-grade students, as identified by Jean Piaget, occurs during a time when many of them are transitioning between concrete operations and formal operations where the ability to think in abstract concepts becomes possible. Because of this period of transition, many eighth-grade students find difficulty in demonstrating…
Descriptors: Mathematics Instruction, Units of Study, Teaching Methods, Comparative Analysis
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Abdullah Kaldirim; Omer Faruk Tavsanli – SAGE Open, 2024
The purpose of this longitudinal study was to critically evaluate the updated Turkish reading curricula to determine whether they enable teachers to design instructional sequences that are highly cognitively demanding. This study was designed as a qualitative inquiry using document analysis to estimate the pedagogically oriented intellectual…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Reading Instruction, Curriculum Development, Elementary Schools
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Chauncey Monte-Sano; Ryan E. Hughes – Social Education, 2024
Middle school social studies teachers are increasingly working on argument writing in their classrooms so that students can successfully write counterarguments that acknowledge competing perspectives about historical and social issues by the end of eighth grade. The authors' prior research indicates that eighth-grade students "can" grow…
Descriptors: Multilingualism, Social Studies, Writing Instruction, Middle School Students