This study revises and enhances a guided inquiry activity designed to introduce undergraduate and high school students to the physiological concepts of exercise fatigue during a 400-meter dash. This activity has been employed since 2016 in entry-level human physiology courses at the University of Minnesota and across 30 high schools. Using…

To understand students' perspectives on high school GPA, in September 2023, ACT reached out to a random sample of high school students via an online survey. The survey questions centered on students' perceptions of how well high school GPA represents content mastery, whether it is fair to use high school GPA as a benchmark in college admissions,…

Curriculum mapping can be used to visualize, align, and assess the ability of online degree program graduates to meet stated learning outcomes (Rawle et al., 2017). Though consensus has yet to be established on standardized outcomes for curriculum in some disciplines (e.g., criminal justice), educators remain in charge of preparing current and…

This study aims to develop a scale to measure the design thinking process and to evaluate the reliability and validity of this scale. It fills this gap by introducing a 36-item scale specifically designed to measure design thinking abilities across the five key stages of the design thinking process: empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and test,…

The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) (Council of Europe 2001). Offers a comprehensive framework for learning, teaching, and assessment, promoting transparency and coherence in language education. Central to the CEFR is its action-oriented approach, which views language as situated social action and positions learners as…