Based on the assumptions of cognitive load theory, this study aims to utilize the eye movement data collected from multiple experts to scaffold novice graphic designers. The study has two main stages. In the first stage, eye tracking was used to record the eye movements of 7 experts, who covered eight topics explaining how to use Photoshop. The…

Despite the efforts of instructional design (ID) to solve real-life problems, it remains challenging to adapt and be flexible in such situations. In particular, problems that require simultaneous knowledge of multiple domains and contexts are more challenging to solve because real-life problems do not reconstruct the learned experience. This is…

This study investigated preservice teachers' experiences of helping peers with technical support. Considering college-aged students prefer to seek help from relative experts rather than instructors, the rationale for the study was to contribute to the literature on relative expertise by exploring how preservice teachers supported peers. A mixed…

This study investigated the impact of participating in a year-long digital-fabrication course on high-school seniors' problem-solving skills, with a focus on problems involving mechanistic systems. The research questions centered on whether working in a makerspace impacted students' abilities to solve such problems and whether the process data…

This study investigates how instructional designers perceive their professional futures and what factors shape their priorities at different career stages. Through the best possible self exercise, we analyzed the professional outlook of 197 instructional design graduate students from a Midwest university, identifying eight main themes:…