Stratification is an important design feature of many studies using complex sampling designs and it is often used in large-scale assessment (LSA) studies, such as the "Programme for International Student Assessment" (PISA), for two main reasons. First, stratification variables that achieve a high between and low within strata variance…

This study aims to reveal the effectiveness of documentary-based augmented reality applications in environmental education compared to the direct instruction method supported by the question and answer technique. The research was designed as mixed-method research, and the study group consisted of 118 tenth grade students. T-tests were used to…

The issue of model uncertainty has been gaining interest in education and the social sciences community over the years, and the dominant methods for handling model uncertainty are based on Bayesian inference, particularly, Bayesian model averaging. However, Bayesian model averaging assumes that the true data-generating model is within the…

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate clustering methods within a functional data analysis (FDA) framework for identifying subgroups of individuals that may be exhibiting categories of misfit. Person response functions (PRFs) estimated within a FDA framework (FDA-PRFs) provide graphical displays that can aid in the identification of persons…

This current study presents the effects of interactive computer simulations on students' performance and concept retention in the unit of chemical reactions. Purposive sampling was used to select four schools with a sample population of 320. The Achievement test on chemical reactions was developed, validated, and checked for reliability. The…

Classical automated test assembly (ATA) methods assume fixed and known coefficients for the constraints and the objective function. This hypothesis is not true for the estimates of item response theory parameters, which are crucial elements in test assembly classical models. To account for uncertainty in ATA, we propose a chance-constrained…

The challenge of creating reliable technology-based resources for science learning is a perennial challenge in Philippine education, with limited learning materials accessible to all learners. This study is about the development of a videocast embedded with physics education technology (PhET) simulation that served as supplementary learning…

Multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) models have generated increasing interest in the psychometrics literature. Efficient approaches for estimating MIRT models with dichotomous responses have been developed, but constructing an equally efficient and robust algorithm for polytomous models has received limited attention. To address this gap,…

With the development of information and communication technology, virtual mobility, as an approach to internationalising education, allows students to receive cross-border education without going abroad through online educational interactions. Additionally, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic accelerates the development of virtual mobility, and…