Moral disengagement is a cognitive mechanism that seeks to avoid the feeling of guilt in the face of transgressive behaviors and seems to be present in behaviors such as cyberbullying, cybergossip or bullying in adolescence. Few studies have explored this connection in the primary school years, even though gossip, bullying and cyberbullying are…

Moderation in Islam means the middle position between two opposite, exaggerated views, with neither view dominating the other. The study questions are: What are the practices of Islamic education teachers in promoting moderation values through their own personal expression of aqeedah?, What are the practices of Islamic education teachers in…

Nonbelievers experience harmful marginalization because of the persistence of the immoral nonbeliever stereotype. Nonbelievers is a broad affinity category that includes individuals who are skeptical of religion and identify using terms like atheist, agnostic, secular, humanist, spiritual, and non-religious. Across cultures, nonbelievers are…