Mastering SQL programming skills is fundamental in computer science education, and Online Judging Systems (OJS) play a critical role in automatically assessing SQL codes, improving the accuracy and efficiency of evaluations. However, these systems are vulnerable to manipulation by students who can submit "cheating codes" that pass the…

As computer-based testing becomes more prevalent, the attention paid to response time (RT) in assessment practice and psychometric research correspondingly increases. This study explores the rate of Type I error in detecting preknowledge cheating behaviors, the power of the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence measure, and the L person fit statistic…

Unproctored Computerized Adaptive Testing (CAT) is gaining traction due to its convenience, flexibility, and scalability, particularly in high-stakes assessments. However, the lack of proctor can give rise to aberrant testing behavior. These behaviors can impair the validity of test scores. This paper explores the use of a verification test to…

The pervasive issue of cheating in educational tests has emerged as a paramount concern within the realm of education, prompting scholars to explore diverse methodologies for identifying potential transgressors. While machine learning models have been extensively investigated for this purpose, the untapped potential of TabNet, an intricate deep…

(1) Context: The growing accessibility of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, such as ChatGPT, poses a challenge to the integrity of online assessments in higher education. As AI becomes more integrated into academic contexts, educators face the complex task of maintaining assessment standards particularly within modern Virtual Learning…

Concerns over students engaging in various forms of academic misconduct persist, especially with the post-COVID-19 rise in online learning and assessment. Research has demonstrated a clear role of the personality trait psychopathy in cheating, yet little is known about why this relationship exists. Building on the research by Curtis et al.…

This study examines the determinants of online academic dishonesty using the theory of planned behavior. We surveyed 1087 college students in Central Philippines and utilized a partial least squares-structural equation modeling analysis to evaluate a proposed model. Results demonstrate that 10 of the 11 hypothesized relationships are statistically…

Although existing research has explored various aspects of online exam cheating, there is a scarcity of studies with in-depth qualitative phases focusing specifically on psychological reasons for online exam cheating in higher education context. Therefore, the aim of this mixed-methods research is to investigate the psychological reasons behind…

Purpose: To improve the academic integrity of online examinations, digital proctoring systems have recently been implemented in higher education institutions (HEIs). The paper aims to understand how digital proctoring has been practised in higher education (HE) and proposes future research directions for studying digital proctoring in HE.…

Cheating in online exams without face-to-face proctoring has been a general concern for academic instructors during the crisis caused by COVID-19. The main goal of this work is to evaluate the cost of these dishonest practices by comparing the academic performance of webcam-proctored students and their unproctored peers in an online gradable test.…

Exam anxiety has been well-documented to reduce student performance in undergraduate biology courses, especially for students from marginalized groups, which can contribute to achievement gaps. Our exploratory study surveyed 61 undergraduate biology students to better understand how exams affect their anxiety levels, focusing on the impact of exam…

No solution can ultimately eliminate cheating in online courses. However, universities reserve funding for authentication systems to minimize the threat of cheating in online courses. Most higher education institutions use a combination of authentication methods to secure systems against impersonation attacks during online examinations.…

Academic misconduct is a threat to the validity and reliability of online examinations, and media reports suggest that misconduct spiked dramatically in higher education during the emergency shift to online exams caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reviewed survey research to determine how common it is for university students to admit…

During COVID-19 lockdowns, Vietnamese universities, like elsewhere, were compelled by social distancing rules to transition from on-site to online education, including examinations. However, many of these universities were not prepared for such sudden and drastic changes. This situation raises questions about if and how the students' cheating…

Automatic grading models are valued for the time and effort saved during the instruction of large student bodies. Especially with the increasing digitization of education and interest in large-scale standardized testing, the popularity of automatic grading has risen to the point where commercial solutions are widely available and used. However,…