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Direct linkRobert J. Volpe; Emily Hill; Amy M. Briesch; Isabella Leiwant – School Psychology Review, 2025
A systematic review was conducted using PsychInfo, ERIC, and Google Scholar using the terms "classroom" and "direct observation". The search yielded 1,006 articles published between 1935 and 2022 with a total of seven observation codes (Behavioral Observation of Students in Schools, Classroom Observation of Engagement,…
Descriptors: Student Behavior, Learner Engagement, Behavior Problems, Interpersonal Relationship
F. Paul Wonsavage; Samuel Otten; Amber G. Candela; Zandra de Araujo – International Journal of Research & Method in Education, 2025
Classroom observations are an integral part of qualitative educational research. Traditionally, classroom observations have been done in-person, with one or more researchers being physically present in a classroom to observe and take field notes. With the proliferation of video technology, researchers are now able to conduct classroom observations…
Descriptors: Observation, Classroom Observation Techniques, Educational Research, Video Technology
Nina Spada – Language Learning & Language Teaching, 2024
This volume presents the second edition of the "Communicative Orientation of Language Teaching (COLT) Observation Scheme." Since the book's original publication, COLT has become well established as a research instrument in L2 teaching and learning. This new edition brings COLT into the 21st century by introducing digital versions of the…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Web Based Instruction, Teaching Methods
