This paper provides a critical and detailed study of what researchers in the fields of contemporary cognition and neuroscience have revealed about the blurred boundary between perception and cognition. We set out the arguments with a view to what researchers and teachers should now consider regarding the subtleties of their interrelationship in…

This study explored the role of question types and prior knowledge in vicarious learning with an intelligent tutoring system. In experiment 1, the participants were assigned to three conditions (deep questions, shallow questions, control), the results showed that participants in the deep questions condition had higher retention test scores than…

This convergent parallel mixed methods study with qualitative and quantitative content analysis was conducted to analyze and describe the cognitive complexity of the publicly released Advanced Placement Computer Science Principles Exam questions compared to the language of higher-order thinking found in research literature. Hess' Cognitive Rigor…

Although supported by different ideologies of language, code-switching and translanguaging are, surprisingly perhaps, united in some of the claims made in their names. In the literature on classroom practices, one shared claim is that content is simplified for students when the teacher uses features enregistered as the non-official classroom…

As artificial intelligence and natural language processing methods rapidly develop, communication plays a pivotal role in every-day interactions. In this theoretical paper, we explore the overlap and commonalities between question-asking and prompt engineering. While seemingly distinct, these processes share a common foundation in essential skills…

Background: Over the past few decades, the process and methodology of automatic question generation (AQG) have undergone significant transformations. Recent progress in generative natural language models has opened up new potential in the generation of educational content. Objectives: This paper explores the potential of large language models…

Empirical evidence has consistently shown that interactive questions are an effective strategy for strengthening student learning through instructional videos. However, research has not directly addressed the crucial question of whether the beneficial effects of interactive questions in instructional videos are attributable to the presence of…

Worldwide, construction site accidents cause many casualties among construction workers every year. Although many safety guidelines that construction workers are urged to read and keep in mind have been formulated, it is still difficult for the traditional construction safety education mode to quickly and accurately improve the hazard recognition…

Language in CLIL is dependent on the subject that embraces it, as it is the case of Physical Education. The present descriptive exploratory case study examines how content and language are integrated into Physical Education lessons with CLIL in secondary education. It applies the Cognitive Discourse Function construct as a heuristic to analyse 19…

Amidst the disruptions caused by COVID-19, maintaining learner engagement in traditional and online courses has become a significant concern. This study explores the use of embedded video questions in an undergraduate Biology course grounded in the Learning Experience Design (LXD) pedagogical paradigm with the objective to reduce cognitive load…

Purpose: Many students perceive plant anatomy as difficult due to the complexity of the material. Additionally, conventional teaching techniques often neglect the importance of information retention in the learning process. Therefore, this study examines the effects of Retention-Based Learning on students' learning outcomes compared to…

Reading comprehension is a widely adopted method for learning English, involving reading articles and answering related questions. However, the reading comprehension training typically focuses on the skill level required for a standardized learning stage, without considering the impact of individual differences in linguistic competence. This…