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Direct linkJessica Turpin; Anna Jaggears; Rachel Cagliani; Sara Kathryn Snyder – Education and Training in Autism and Developmental Disabilities, 2024
Extended diaper wearing may limit access to inclusive opportunities including general education settings, summer camps, community-based programming, and job opportunities. Toilet training may be delayed due to more pressing concerns, such as challenging behavior. Individualized education plans should include toilet training children with…
Descriptors: Toilet Training, Hygiene, Inclusion, Students with Disabilities
Jenee Vickers Johnson; Jason C. Travers; Kathleen N. Tuck; Pamela L. Neidert; Heather J. Forbes – Education and Training in Autism and Developmental Disabilities, 2025
Urine-detecting alarms are prevalent in toilet training intervention research and clinical practice for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities, but the effects of urine alarms remain unclear. Urine alarms may function as punishing or reinforcing contingencies, or may merely alert trainers to accidents and improve treatment…
Descriptors: Toilet Training, Reinforcement, Punishment, Intellectual Disability
