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Yu-Yin Wang; Yu-Wei Chuang – Education and Information Technologies, 2024
With the development of artificial intelligence (AI) applications, it has become critical for scholars, educators and practitioners to understand an individual's perceived self-efficacy regarding the use of AI technologies/products. Understanding users' subsequent behaviors toward the advancement of AI technology is also critical. Despite the…
Descriptors: Artificial Intelligence, Self Efficacy, Test Construction, Test Validity
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Ali H. Al-Hoorie; Phil Hiver; Yo In'nami – Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 2024
Concerns have recently been raised about the validity of scales used in the L2 motivational self system tradition, particularly in relation to sufficient discriminant validity among some of its scales. These concerns highlight the need to systematically examine the validity of scales used in this tradition. In this study, we therefore compiled a…
Descriptors: Validity, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Rating Scales
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Rujun Xu; James Soland – International Journal of Testing, 2024
International surveys are increasingly being used to understand nonacademic outcomes like math and science motivation, and to inform education policy changes within countries. Such instruments assume that the measure works consistently across countries, ethnicities, and languages--that is, they assume measurement invariance. While studies have…
Descriptors: Surveys, Statistical Bias, Achievement Tests, Foreign Countries