Tutors in higher education institutions often face the challenge of aligning learning outcomes, subject matters, instructional activities, and assessment practices. Drawing from a decade of teaching experience, the authors employ practical action research (PAR) to develop a common anchor for achieving alignment. Their project unfolds in three…

Academic writing has been a widely substantial course in higher education as it plays a vital role in cultivating students' academic writing skills. Drawing on qualitative descriptive study, this study aims to explore the fundamental requirements for academic writing to base the creation of an effective learning framework. Data consisted of…