This study explored the pedagogical discourse of experienced Indonesian language teachers (in-service teachers) during the pre-teaching phase, focusing on the communication strategies used when initiating classroom learning activities because initial teacher-student interactions are crucial for shaping engagement and motivation. The qualitative…

In the evaluative phase concerning the practicality of language acquisition, the Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) methodology has emerged as the preeminent standard in educational paradigms. Nevertheless, the import of integrating CLT becomes particularly salient within the framework of language adoption as a medium of communication. The…