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Julia-Kim Walther; Martin Hecht; Benjamin Nagengast; Steffen Zitzmann – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2024
A two-level data set can be structured in either long format (LF) or wide format (WF), and both have corresponding SEM approaches for estimating multilevel models. Intuitively, one might expect these approaches to perform similarly. However, the two data formats yield data matrices with different numbers of columns and rows, and their "cols :…
Descriptors: Data, Monte Carlo Methods, Statistical Distributions, Matrices