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Direct linkMyoung-jae Lee; Goeun Lee; Jin-young Choi – Sociological Methods & Research, 2025
A linear model is often used to find the effect of a binary treatment D on a noncontinuous outcome Y with covariates X. Particularly, a binary Y gives the popular "linear probability model (LPM)," but the linear model is untenable if X contains a continuous regressor. This raises the question: what kind of treatment effect does the…
Descriptors: Probability, Least Squares Statistics, Regression (Statistics), Causal Models
Ruoxuan Li; Lijuan Wang – Grantee Submission, 2024
Causal-formative indicators are often used in social science research. To achieve identification in causal-formative indicator modeling, constraints need to be applied. A conventional method is to constrain the weight of a formative indicator to be 1. The selection of which indicator to have the fixed weight, however, may influence statistical…
Descriptors: Social Science Research, Causal Models, Formative Evaluation, Measurement
Ting Ye; Ted Westling; Lindsay Page; Luke Keele – Grantee Submission, 2024
The clustered observational study (COS) design is the observational study counterpart to the clustered randomized trial. In a COS, a treatment is assigned to intact groups, and all units within the group are exposed to the treatment. However, the treatment is non-randomly assigned. COSs are common in both education and health services research. In…
Descriptors: Nonparametric Statistics, Identification, Causal Models, Multivariate Analysis
Guomin Chen; Pengrun Chen; Ying Wang; Nan Zhu – Interactive Learning Environments, 2024
The paper describes the research of causal relationships between the factors of technological, organizational, environmental, and personal contexts and their influence on the development of learning intentions in potential students. Its purpose was to develop a mechanism for designing a public online educational resource platform based on the…
Descriptors: MOOCs, Electronic Learning, Design, Technology Uses in Education
Download full textRazieh Safarifard; Masoud Gholamali Lavasani; Elaheh Hejazi; Fatemeh Narenji Thani – Knowledge Management & E-Learning, 2024
The pedagogy aspect of education has been the key factor influencing the effectiveness and quality of e-learning platforms. However, there is a lack of systematic review with an emphasis on the pedagogical aspect when it comes to e-learning in higher education. This research aims to systematically review seven major databases to identify the…
Descriptors: Electronic Learning, Higher Education, Journal Articles, Constructivism (Learning)
Peer reviewedKenneth A. Frank; Qinyun Lin; Spiro J. Maroulis – Grantee Submission, 2024
In the complex world of educational policy, causal inferences will be debated. As we review non-experimental designs in educational policy, we focus on how to clarify and focus the terms of debate. We begin by presenting the potential outcomes/counterfactual framework and then describe approximations to the counterfactual generated from the…
Descriptors: Causal Models, Statistical Inference, Observation, Educational Policy
