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Andrew W. Corcoran; Kelsey Perrykkad; Daniel Feuerriegel; Jonathan E. Robinson – Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2025
Embodied cognition--the idea that mental states and processes should be understood in relation to one's bodily constitution and interactions with the world--remains a controversial topic within cognitive science. Recently, however, increasing interest in predictive processing theories among proponents and critics of embodiment alike has raised…
Descriptors: Physiology, Brain, Cognitive Development, Prenatal Influences
Anirudhan Badrinath; Zachary Pardos – Journal of Educational Data Mining, 2025
Bayesian Knowledge Tracing (BKT) is a well-established model for formative assessment, with optimization typically using expectation maximization, conjugate gradient descent, or brute force search. However, one of the flaws of existing optimization techniques for BKT models is convergence to undesirable local minima that negatively impact…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Problem Solving, Audience Response Systems
Cláudio Manoel Ferreira Leite; Herbert Ugrinowitsch; Crislaine Rangel Couto – Journal of Motor Learning and Development, 2024
Knowledge of results (KR), particularly its informational role, has often been regarded as redundant for learning interception-like tasks, such as coincidence-anticipation timing tasks. However, it is possible that the KR's guiding effect might be detrimental to motor adaptation, instead of only redundant, leading to a dependency on KR and…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Undergraduate Students, Psychomotor Skills, Motor Development
Jeremiah T. Stark – ProQuest LLC, 2024
This study highlights the role and importance of advanced, machine learning-driven predictive models in enhancing the accuracy and timeliness of identifying students at-risk of negative academic outcomes in data-driven Early Warning Systems (EWS). K-12 school districts have, at best, 13 years to prepare students for adulthood and success. They…
Descriptors: High School Students, Graduation Rate, Predictor Variables, Predictive Validity
Ayfer Sayin; Okan Bulut – International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 2024
Test development is a complicated process that demands examining various factors, one of them being writing items of varying difficulty. It is important to use items of a different range of difficulty to ensure that the test results accurately indicate the test-taker's abilities. Therefore, the factors affecting item difficulty should be defined,…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, High Schools, Standardized Tests, Placement Tests
Ethan R. Van Norman; Emily R. Forcht – Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk, 2024
This study evaluated the forecasting accuracy of trend estimation methods applied to time-series data from computer adaptive tests (CATs). Data were collected roughly once a month over the course of a school year. We evaluated the forecasting accuracy of two regression-based growth estimation methods (ordinary least squares and Theil-Sen). The…
Descriptors: Data Collection, Predictive Measurement, Predictive Validity, Predictor Variables
Patrick Kennedy; Brian Gearin; Katherine Bromley; Gina Biancarosa – Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness, 2024
Background: Dyslexia is a specific reading disability characterized by word recognition difficulties that can qualify a student for special education services under the "Individuals with Disabilities Education Act" (IDEA; 2004; Yudin, 2015). As of 2024, 49 US states have legislation defining dyslexia and enumerating for schools…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Dyslexia, Test Reliability, Test Validity
Thao-Trang Huynh-Cam; Long-Sheng Chen; Tzu-Chuen Lu – Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 2025
Purpose: This study aimed to use enrollment information including demographic, family background and financial status, which can be gathered before the first semester starts, to construct early prediction models (EPMs) and extract crucial factors associated with first-year student dropout probability. Design/methodology/approach: The real-world…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Undergraduate Students, At Risk Students, Dropout Characteristics
Jaylin Lowe; Charlotte Z. Mann; Jiaying Wang; Adam Sales; Johann A. Gagnon-Bartsch – Grantee Submission, 2024
Recent methods have sought to improve precision in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) by utilizing data from large observational datasets for covariate adjustment. For example, consider an RCT aimed at evaluating a new algebra curriculum, in which a few dozen schools are randomly assigned to treatment (new curriculum) or control (standard…
Descriptors: Randomized Controlled Trials, Middle School Mathematics, Middle School Students, Middle Schools